莫塔茲·阿扎伊扎

莫塔茲·阿扎伊扎
出生Motaz Hilal Azaiza
(1999-01-30) 1999年1月30日（25歲）
 以色列民政管理局（英语：Israeli Civil Administration）加薩走廊代爾巴拉赫難民營（英语：Deir al-Balah Camp）
国籍 巴勒斯坦
母校加薩愛資哈爾大學（英语：Al-Azhar University – Gaza）
职业攝影記者
活跃时期2014年至今
雇主 UNRWA
知名于在社群媒體上記錄加薩—以色列衝突

莫塔茲·希拉勒·阿扎伊扎（阿拉伯语：معتز هلال عزايزة‎，1999年1月30日—）[1]是來自加薩的巴勒斯坦攝影記者[2][3][4][5]。他以報道以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭而知名，在社交媒體上吸引了大批粉絲。2023年，他被《GQ中東》雜誌評為年度風雲人物，他拍攝的一張女孩被困在以色列空襲廢墟中的照片被《時代》雜誌評為2023年十大照片之一，並入選2024年時代百大人物名單。

早年生活和教育

阿扎伊扎在加薩走廊代爾巴拉赫難民營（英语：Deir al-Balah Camp）長大[5]。他曾就讀於加薩愛資哈爾大學（英语：Al-Azhar University – Gaza），並於2021年畢業，獲得英語研究學位[5]。截至2023年，他受僱於聯合國近東巴勒斯坦難民救濟和工程處（UNRWA）[6]。

職業生涯

在以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭之前，阿扎伊扎在網路上發表的文章大多以拍攝家鄉加薩走廊的日常生活為主[3][5]。他告訴《衛報》，他無意成為一名戰地記者，他希望「人們因我的藝術而認識我，我想捕捉我的人民的美麗」[7]。根據英國《紅秀GRAZIA》雜誌報道，他的夢想是成為一名旅遊攝影師，但他還負擔不起簽證費用[8]。雖然他報道了2014年加薩戰爭和2021年以巴衝突，但他的社群媒體帳號當時並未獲得太多關注[5]。由於以色列和埃及拒絕外國記者進入加薩地帶，在加薩地帶的外國記者寥寥無幾，這使得阿扎伊扎成為加薩當地的重要記者[9]。

在2023年10月7日哈馬斯領導的對以色列的襲擊之前，阿扎伊扎在Instagram上的個人主頁有大約25,000名粉絲[5][9]。10月13日，他的Instagram帳戶受到限制，但第二天又恢復了訪問[10]。到10月17日，他的粉絲數增加到100萬[11]，10月30日增加到900萬[3]，11月3日增加到1250萬[9]，11月7日增加到1300萬[5]。截至12月27日，阿扎伊扎的Instagram個人主頁擁有1750萬粉絲[12]，到2024年1月，粉絲數量超過1800萬[13]。

2023年11月，《GQ中東》雜誌將他評為年度風雲人物，編輯艾哈邁德·阿里·斯韋德（Ahmad Ali Swaid）說：「他提醒我們，無論我們是誰，無論我們來自哪裡，我們——普通人、男人和女人——都有能力實現我們希望看到的改變。」[14][15]

阿扎伊扎的攝影作品「透過我的相機看她」（Seeing Her Through My Camera）是他在2023年以色列—哈馬斯戰爭期間對加沙進行廣泛報道的一部分，被列入《時代》雜誌2023年十大攝影作品。10月下旬，在以色列的一次空襲之後，阿扎伊扎用相機的低快門速度捕捉到這一瞬間，揭示了一個被困在努塞拉特難民營瓦礫下的年輕女孩。在民防救援人員的燈光照亮她的臉之前，他利用這種技術在黑暗中目睹了她肉眼無法確認的狀況[16]。

2024年1月，阿扎伊扎參加邁赫迪·哈桑在MSNBC的最後一期節目，討論在以色列轟炸下從加沙進行報道的危險性[17]。當月晚些時候，阿扎伊扎在進行了108天的報道後和他的一些家人撤離到埃及，然後經阿里什國際機場（英语：El Arish International Airport）撤離到卡達多哈，這是他們第一次搭乘飛機[18]。隨後，阿扎伊扎開始與部長、外交官和媒體人士會面，分享他的敘述。他感到沮喪的是，他試圖廣播加薩發生的事情並沒有改變現狀[7]。

2024年2月26日，阿扎伊扎首次乘坐民航班機飛往伊斯坦堡，開始他「多展示、多講述、多發言」的旅行[19]。第二天，他接受2023年TRT國際公民獎[20]。隨後，他於3月8日前往瑞士日內瓦參加國際影展暨人權論壇（英语：International Film Festival and Forum on Human Rights）（FIFDH），與法拉·納布爾西（英语：Farah Nabulsi）和穆罕默德·賈巴利（Mohamed Jabaly）一起參加賈巴利的電影《Life is Beautiful》的首映會[21]。

2024年4月，阿扎伊扎入選時代百大人物之一[22]。

個人生活

2023年10月11日，在2023年以色列—哈瑪斯戰爭爆發後不久，阿扎伊扎的至少15名親屬在以色列對代爾巴拉赫難民營（英语：Deir al-Balah Camp）的空襲中喪生[11][23]。

在2024年2月接受《衛報》採訪時，阿扎伊扎提到他離開加薩後經歷的創傷性回想、內疚感和絕望感[7]。

參考資料

  1. ^ Al-Hlou, Yousur. The War in Gaza Is Also Unfolding on Instagram. New York Times. November 19, 2023 [November 20, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 20, 2023）. 
  2. ^ Khadder, Kareem; Salman, Abeer; Saifi, Zeena. Gaza's communications blackout makes it difficult to "show the world what is happening," journalists say. CNN. 6 November 2023 [November 7, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 6, 2023） （英语）. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 5 Doctors and Journalists Playing Vital Roles in Gaza's Humanitarian Crisis. Vogue Arabia. October 30, 2023 [November 7, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 12, 2023） （英国英语）. 
  4. ^ Bulos, Nabih. New views of destruction emerge as 36-hour Gaza communication blackout lifts. Los Angeles Times. October 29, 2023 [November 7, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 7, 2023） （美国英语）. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Abed, Abubaker. Motaz Azaiza: Gaza's window to the world. The New Arab. November 7, 2023 [November 7, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 7, 2023） （英语）. 
  6. ^ Motaz Azaiza becomes Gaza's pivotal digital journalist. MENAFN. October 24, 2023 [November 7, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 7, 2023） （英语）. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Begum, Thaslima. Photojournalist Motaz Azaiza: 'The ghosts of Gaza follow me everywhere'. The Guardian. 16 February 2024 [20 February 2024]. （原始内容存档于19 February 2024）. 
  8. ^ Aspinall, Georgia. Motaz Azaiza: 'The Worst Things I've Seen, I Don't Photograph'. Grazia UK. 20 February 2024 [20 February 2024]. （原始内容存档于20 February 2024）. 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Abbruzzese, Jason; Ingram, David; Salam, Yasmine. On Instagram, Palestinian journalists and digital creators documenting Gaza strikes see surge in followers. NBC News. November 3, 2023 [November 7, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 16, 2023） （英语）. 
  10. ^ Piper, Ernie. A bombing in Gaza killed an influencer's family—Instagram responded by suspending his account. The Daily Dot. October 24, 2023 [November 7, 2023]. （原始内容存档于October 31, 2023） （美国英语）. 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Amer, Ruwaida; Alsaafin, Linah; Amer, Ruwaida. Surrounded by death, Gaza content creators fight to get the truth out. Al Jazeera. October 17, 2023 [November 7, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 8, 2023） （英语）. 
  12. ^ Guerre à Gaza : Motaz Azaiza, ce journaliste palestinien qui porte la douleur de son peuple. La Croix. 2023-12-27 [2023-12-30]. ISSN 0242-6056. （原始内容存档于15 January 2024） （fr-FR）. 
  13. ^ Kaur, Harmeet. Violence in Gaza turned these everyday Palestinians into chroniclers of war. CNN. 2024-01-19 [2024-02-05]. （原始内容存档于5 February 2024） （英语）. 
  14. ^ Monaghan, Becca. GQ honours Palestinian journalist Motaz Azaiza as Man of the Year | indy100. www.indy100.com. November 24, 2023 [November 24, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 24, 2023） （英语）. 
  15. ^ Swaid, Ahmad. Motaz Azaiza is Our 2023 'Man Of The Year'. GQ Middle East. November 23, 2023 [December 9, 2023]. （原始内容存档于December 1, 2023）. 
  16. ^ TIME's Top 10 Photos of 2023. TIME. 2023-12-28 [2023-12-30]. （原始内容存档于16 January 2024） （英语）. 
  17. ^ Bauder, David. MSNBC's Mehdi Hasan quits rather than accept demotion at news network. ABC News. 8 January 2024 [9 January 2024]. （原始内容存档于9 January 2024）. 
  18. ^ Prominent journalist Motaz Azaiza evacuates Gaza after 108 days of Israeli onslaught. Arab News. 23 January 2024 [23 January 2024]. （原始内容存档于23 January 2024）. 
  19. ^ Motaz Azaiza. Reel. 26 February 2024 [26 February 2024]. （原始内容存档于26 February 2024） –通过Instagram. 
  20. ^ 'No happiness' for Palestinian photojournalist Motaz Azaiza as he wins citizen journalism award amid Gaza war. The New Arab. 28 February 2024 [28 February 2024]. （原始内容存档于28 February 2024）. 
  21. ^ FIFDH unveils the programme for its 22nd edition. FIFDH. 14 February 2024 [8 March 2024]. （原始内容存档于8 March 2024）. 
  22. ^ Serhan, Yasmeen. Motaz Azaiza Is on the 2024 TIME100 List. Time. 17 April 2024 [2024-04-21]. （原始内容存档于2024-04-18）. 
  23. ^ Simões, Tiago. Motaz Azaiza - O jornalista que ganhou 10 milhões de seguidores a mostrar a realidade nua e crua de Gaza. Nova Gente. October 30, 2023 [November 7, 2023]. （原始内容存档于November 7, 2023） （欧洲葡萄牙语）. 

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