皮埃尔·蒙特

皮埃尔·蒙特
Pierre Monteux
蒙特在指挥俄罗斯芭蕾舞团期间，约1912年
音乐家
国籍 美国
出生(1875-04-04)1875年4月4日
 法國巴黎
逝世1964年7月1日(1964歲—07—01)（89歲）
 美国缅因州汉考克（英语：Hancock, Maine）
职业指挥家
母校巴黎音乐学院
音乐类型古典音乐
演奏乐器小提琴

皮埃尔·本杰明·蒙特（Pierre Benjamin Monteux[註 1]，1875年4月4日—1964年7月1日），法国裔美国指挥家。在学习小提琴和中提琴，并担任管弦乐手和临时指挥十余年后，他于1907年开始接受定期的指挥工作。1911年至1914年间，他在谢尔盖·达基列夫的俄罗斯芭蕾舞团指挥时开始崭露头角，他指挥了斯特拉文斯基的《春之祭》和其他著名作品，包括《彼得鲁什卡》、拉威尔的《达夫尼与克罗埃》以及德彪西的《遊戲（英语：Jeux）》（Jeux）的世界首演。此后半个多世纪，他一直在世界各地指挥管弦乐队。

从1917年到1919年，蒙特在纽约大都会歌剧院担任法国剧目的首席指挥。之后他指挥过波士顿交响乐团（1919-24）、阿姆斯特丹音乐厅管弦乐团（1924-34）、巴黎交响乐团（英语：Orchestre symphonique de Paris）（1929-38）和旧金山交响乐团（1936-52）。1961年，86岁的他接受了伦敦交响乐团的首席指挥任命，并在担任该职位三年后去世。尽管以演奏法国曲目而闻名，但他最喜欢的还是德国作曲家的音乐，尤其是勃拉姆斯。他不喜欢录音，认为录音与自发性不相容，但他仍然录制了大量的唱片。

蒙特还是一位著名的教师。1932年，他在巴黎创办了一个指挥班，后发展成为一所暑期学校，之后搬到了他在法国南部普罗旺斯地区莱博的避暑别墅。1942年永久移居美国并取得美国公民身份后，他在缅因州汉考克（英语：Hancock, Maine）创办了一所指挥和管弦乐手学校。他在法国和美国的学生包括洛林·马泽尔、伊戈尔·马克维奇、内维尔·马里纳、小泽征尔、安德烈·普列文和大卫·津曼。蒙特去世后，汉考克的学校一直在继续开办。

脚注

  1. ^ 蒙特不喜欢本杰明这个名字，并在1942年取得美国公民身份时正式放弃了这个名字。[1]

参考资料

参照
  1. ^ Monteux (1964), p. 26

外部链接

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：皮埃尔·蒙特

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