岩石圆顶的建筑风格和马赛克都是以拜占庭教堂和宫殿为蓝本,但岩石圆顶的马赛克不包含任何人类或动物的形态,而是以阿拉伯文字和植物图案为特色,夹杂着珠宝和皇冠等物品的图像[4]。八角形拱廊周围有阿拉伯宗教铭文[4]。岩石圆顶的外貌在鄂圖曼时期和现代时期都有很大的变化[4],特别是在1959-61年和1993年增加了镀金屋顶。该结构的八角形平面可能受到了拜占庭圣母座教堂(英语:Church of the Seat of Mary)(希腊语称为 Kathisma,阿拉伯语称为 al-Qadismu)的影响,该教堂建于451至458年间,位于耶路撒冷和伯利恒之间的道路上[6]。岩石圆顶的原穹顶于1015年倒塌,1022-23年重建,是现存最古老的伊斯兰建筑之一[7]。
^ 4.004.014.024.034.044.054.064.074.084.09Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Dome of the Rock". Encyclopedia Britannica, 5 Aug. 2020, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dome-of-the-Rock. Accessed 2 March 2021.
^Avner, Rina (2010). "The Dome of the Rock in light of the development of concentric martyria in Jerusalem" (PDF). Muqarnas. Volume 27: An Annual on the Visual Cultures of the Islamic World. Leiden: Brill. pp. 31–50 [43–44]. ISBN 978-900418511-1. JSTOR 25769691.
^Slavik, Diane (2001). Cities through Time: Daily Life in Ancient and Modern Jerusalem. Geneva, Illinois: Runestone Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-8225-3218-7.
^Carol Delaney, Abraham on Trial: The Social Legacy of Biblical Myth, Princeton University Press 2000 p.120.
^Nasser Rabbat (1989). "The meaning of the Umayyad Dome of the Rock". Muqarnas. 6: 12–21. doi:10.2307/1602276. JSTOR 1602276.
参考文献
Nuseibeh, Said, and Oleg Grabar. The Dome of the Rock. Harvard University Press, 2006.
Magness, Jodi. The archaeology of the Holy Land: from the destruction of Solomon's Temple to the Muslim conquest. Cambridge University Press, 2012.
Avner, Rina. "The Dome of the Rock in light of the development of concentric Martyria in Jerusalem: Architecture and Architectural Iconography." Muqarnas, Volume 27. Brill, 2011. 31-50.
Peterson, Andrew (1994). Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-06084-2