大慈延福宫

大慈延福宫建筑遗存
北京市文物保护单位
地址北京市东城区
分类古建筑
时代
编号4-3
认定时间1990年

大慈延福宫,俗称三官庙,是位于今北京市东城区朝阳门内大街203号的一座道教宫观。[1]

历史

大慈延福宫始建于明朝成化十七年(1481年)。其位置在东四牌楼以东,朝阳门内大街路北。庙内主祀三官,即天官、地官和水官三神,故俗称“三官庙”。该庙建成之后,明宪宗曾撰碑文,记述建庙缘由与该庙的建筑规制。明朝正德十一年(1513年),明武宗赐封该庙住持严天容为真人,“领道教事”。[1]

大慈延福宫曾经过两次较大规模修缮。第一次是明朝嘉靖四年(1653年)。明朝礼部尚书翰林院学士徐阶撰写碑文称:“大慈延福宫者,宪祖纯皇帝之所建,而国家岁时祈禳报谢之所。其所祀曰三元三大帝,盖天地水□□赐福赦罪解厄之神也。嘉靖己酉,宫之建至六十七甲子矣。丹青金口之剥落暗昧……真人陶仲文以上赐金与所度道士楮价,葺而新之。始于三月十日,至七月讫工。”[1]

从明朝末年至清朝乾隆初年,大慈延福宫已全无香火。据民间传说,明朝末年,李自成率军逼近北京,明朝崇祯帝朱由检赴大慈延福宫抽签卜吉凶。但他连求三签,签上内容皆不利。崇祯帝十分气愤,遂发口谕:此庙永远不得香火!不久,李自成军便攻入了北京。此后,大家认为该庙不吉利,所以香火断绝。清朝定都北京后,曾经“聚满汉子弟,教学于斯”。[1]

乾隆三十六年(1771年),由皇室出资对大慈延福宫进行了一年的修复。“以乾隆庚寅嘉平即工,阅辛卯月辰载浃用底厥成,若值若竕,支内帑之羡所司请为记。”自此,大慈延福宫重新有了香火。每年农历元旦期间,大慈延福宫庙会在庙前举办,庙前临街聚集了不少估衣摊,所以此街人称“估衣街”。中华民国时期,大慈延福宫前修筑了道路,庙会改在庙旁举办。[1]

1950年代起,先后有两个单位在大慈延福宫旧址建办公楼,所以大慈延福宫的大部分建筑遭到拆除,石碑也无存,仅余东院的通明殿、延座宝殿及部分西房。殿顶的神龛及藻井因占用单位加设天花,故保存完整。1998年,占用单位先后重修了后殿延座宝殿、中殿通明殿。1990年2月23日,北京市人民政府将“大慈延福宫建筑遗存”公布为北京市文物保护单位[1]

在拆除大慈延福宫主要建筑的时候,宫内尚有天官、地官、水官三官坐像以及文、武侍臣立像12尊。这些神像被迁入当时作为北京市文物局仓库的智化寺。这些神像都是用金丝楠木雕刻而成,妆銮,沥粉贴金。每尊神像腹内均装有用棉帛所制的脏器,并装有《九天应元雷声普化天尊说王枢宝经等经》等数百卷。后来,由于智化寺需要修复,故将这些神像迁至北京东岳庙育德殿内。[1]

建筑

乾隆京城全图》中的大慈延福宫

明朝及清朝时,北京城内外的三官庙中,大慈延福宫规模最大。大慈延福宫坐北朝南,由正院和东道院组成。[1]

正院的主要建筑有:[1]

  • 山门:七开间,黑琉璃瓦调大脊硬山顶,绿剪边。
  • 钟楼、鼓楼:分立山门内东西两侧。
  • 大殿:三间。在山门正北。
  • 大慈延福殿:为主殿,在大殿正北,面阔五间,四面带廊,后有虎尾抱厦。大慈延福殿的前后左右各有一座碑亭。
    • 葆真殿:大慈延福殿的东配殿,黑琉璃瓦顶
    • 法善殿:大慈延福殿的西配殿,黑琉璃瓦顶
  • 紫微殿:位于大慈延福殿以北,面阔五间,左右各带一间耳房。
    • 青殿:在紫微殿东侧,面阔三间
    • 清华殿:在紫微殿西侧,面阔三间[1]

东道院的主要建筑有:[1]

  • 前殿:位于东道院南侧,早已拆除,无从考证
  • 通明殿:为中殿,位于前殿以北,面阔三间,黑琉璃瓦歇山调大脊顶
  • 延座宝殿:为后殿,位于通明殿以北,黑琉璃瓦歇山调大脊顶[1]

此外,民间传说大慈延福宫内有一口井,“分甘苦两味。甘者味甚清冽,苦者涩苦难食,故曰一井二水”,今此井已经湮没不可考。[1]

参考文献

Read other articles:

Allegro Sp. z o. o.URLhttps://allegro.pl/ Tipeplatform e-commerceRegistration (en)diperlukan untuk membeli dan menjualPemilikCinven, Permira, Mid Europa PartnersService entry (en)1999 Lokasi kantor pusatPoznań NegaraPolandia Peringkat Alexa290 (30 November 2017) Zona Allegro di Woodstock Festival Polandia (2015). Allegro (pengucapan bahasa Polandia: [aˈlɛɡrɔ]) adalah sebuah platform e-commerce online Polandia. Dikelola oleh Allegro Sp. z o.o. (sebelumnya: Allegro Group Sp.z o.o., Al...

 

 

1928 Iowa Senate election ← 1926 November 6, 1928 1930 → 31 out of 50 seats in the Iowa Senate26 seats needed for a majority   Majority party Minority party   Party Republican Democratic Last election 49 1 Seats before 48[a] 2[a] Seats after 48 2 Seat change Elections in Iowa Federal government U.S. Presidential elections 1848 1852 1856 1860 1864 1868 1872 1876 1880 1884 1888 1892 1896 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928...

 

 

Nazi German SS officer (1903–1946) Karl Eberhard SchöngarthBorn(1903-04-22)22 April 1903Leipzig, German EmpireDied16 May 1946(1946-05-16) (aged 43)Hamelin Prison, Hamelin, Allied-occupied GermanyCause of deathExecution by hangingKnown forAttendee of Wannsee ConferenceMassacre of Lwów professorsPolitical partyNazi PartyCriminal statusExecutedMotiveNazismConviction(s)War crimesCriminal penaltyDeathDetailsVictims10,000+Span of crimes1941–1945CountryPoland and Netherland...

Not to be confused with Taiwan or Taiwan Province. Province of Argentina Province in ArgentinaFormosa Provincia de Formosa (Spanish)ProvinceProvince of Formosa FlagCoat of armsCountryArgentinaCapitalFormosaGovernment • GovernorGildo Insfrán (PJ) • Vice GovernorEber Solís (PJ) • Legislature30 • National Deputies5 • National SenatorsMaría Teresa González (FDT)José Mayans (FDT)Francisco Paoltroni (LLA)Area • Total72,066...

 

 

Voce principale: Associazione Calcio Milan. Milan FCStagione 1923-1924 Sport calcio Squadra Milan Allenatore Ferdi Oppenheim Presidente Piero Pirelli Prima Divisione8º nel girone B Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Ballarin, Poggia e Soldera (22) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Santagostino (16) StadioCampo di viale Lombardia 1922-1923 1924-1925 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa voce raccoglie le informazioni riguardanti il Milan Football Club nelle competizioni ufficiali della sta...

 

 

South African artist William KentridgeWilliam Kentridge at an exhibition opening at ACMI in Melbourne, Australia in 2012Born (1955-04-28) 28 April 1955 (age 69)Johannesburg, South AfricaEducationUniversity of the Witwatersrand and Johannesburg Art FoundationSpouseAnne StanwixChildren3 William Kentridge (born 28 April 1955) is a South African artist best known for his prints, drawings, and animated films, especially noted for a sequence of hand-drawn animated films he produced during the ...

County-level city in Liaoning, People's Republic of ChinaXingcheng 兴城市Hingcheng; HsingchengCounty-level cityLocation in Huludao CityXingchengLocation in LiaoningCoordinates (city): 40°37′N 120°44′E / 40.617°N 120.733°E / 40.617; 120.733CountryPeople's Republic of ChinaProvinceLiaoningPrefecture-level cityHuludaoArea[1] • County-level city2,113 km2 (816 sq mi) • Urban[2]268.50 km2 (103.67 ...

 

 

Saint-Julien-l'Arscomune Saint-Julien-l'Ars – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Francia Regione Nuova Aquitania Dipartimento Vienne ArrondissementPoitiers CantoneChasseneuil-du-Poitou TerritorioCoordinate46°33′N 0°30′E / 46.55°N 0.5°E46.55; 0.5 (Saint-Julien-l'Ars)Coordinate: 46°33′N 0°30′E / 46.55°N 0.5°E46.55; 0.5 (Saint-Julien-l'Ars) Superficie18,48 km² Abitanti2 371[1] (2009) Densità128,3 ab./km² Altre infor...

 

 

2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会波兰代表團波兰国旗IOC編碼POLNOC波蘭奧林匹克委員會網站olimpijski.pl(英文)(波兰文)2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会(東京)2021年7月23日至8月8日(受2019冠状病毒病疫情影响推迟,但仍保留原定名称)運動員206參賽項目24个大项旗手开幕式:帕维尔·科热尼奥夫斯基(游泳)和马娅·沃什乔夫斯卡(自行车)[1]闭幕式:卡罗利娜·纳亚(皮划艇)&#...

此条目序言章节没有充分总结全文内容要点。 (2019年3月21日)请考虑扩充序言,清晰概述条目所有重點。请在条目的讨论页讨论此问题。 哈萨克斯坦總統哈薩克總統旗現任Қасым-Жомарт Кемелұлы Тоқаев卡瑟姆若马尔特·托卡耶夫自2019年3月20日在任任期7年首任努尔苏丹·纳扎尔巴耶夫设立1990年4月24日(哈薩克蘇維埃社會主義共和國總統) 哈萨克斯坦 哈萨克斯坦政府...

 

 

Військово-музичне управління Збройних сил України Тип військове формуванняЗасновано 1992Країна  Україна Емблема управління Військово-музичне управління Збройних сил України — структурний підрозділ Генерального штабу Збройних сил України призначений для планува...

 

 

MadonnaAlbum studio karya MadonnaDirilis27 Juli 1983Direkam1982GenrePopDurasi40:47LabelSire, Warner Bros.ProduserReggie Lucas, John Jellybean Benitez, Mark KaminsKronologi Madonna Madonna(1983) Like a Virgin(1984)Like a Virgin1984 Madonna adalah album perdana Madonna, diterbitkan pada 27 Juli 1983 oleh Sire Records. Album ini diterbitkan kembali pada 1985 di Eropa dengan judul Madonna - The First Album. Album ini telah terjual 8 juta keping di seluruh dunia. Sebelum album ini, Madonna tel...

British politician (1899–1962) This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Charles Rhys, 8th Baron Dynevor – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2013) Charles RhysBtMember of Parliamentfor GuildfordIn office1931–1935Preceded bySir Henry BuckinghamSucceeded bySir John JarvisMe...

 

 

Venezuelan telenovela De todas maneras RosaGenreTelenovelaDramaRomanceCreated byCarlos PérezWritten by Carlos Pérez José Vicente Quintana Directed byYuri DelgadoStarring Marisa Román Ricardo Álamo Norkys Batista Luciano D'Alessandro Gustavo Rodríguez Opening themeLocura de Amor by Gabriel López[1]Ending themeCuando se Rompe un Corazón by MalangaCountry of originVenezuelaOriginal languageSpanishNo. of episodes120 [2]ProductionExecutive producerCarolina de JacovoProducer...

 

 

История футбола в Волгограде — этапы становления и развития футбола в Волгограде с начала XX века и до сегодняшнего дня. Содержание 1 Футбол до Октябрьской революции 2 Футбол после Октябрьской революции 3 Сборная Сталинграда 4 Предвоенные годы 5 Матч «На руинах Сталинград�...

Technical standard for digital televisions SBTV redirects here. For the UK youth broadcaster, see SB.TV. List of digital television broadcast standards DVB standards (countries) DVB-T (terrestrial) DVB-T2 DVB-S (satellite) DVB-S2 DVB-S2X DVB-C (cable) DVB-C2 DVB-H (handheld) DVB-NGH DVB-T2-Lite DVB-SH (satellite) DVB-I (service discovery) ATSC standards (countries) ATSC (terrestrial/cable/satellite) ATSC 2.0 ATSC 3.0 ATSC-M/H (mobile/handheld) ISDB standards (countries) ISDB-T (terrestrial) S...

 

 

Part of a series onNumeral systems Place-value notation Hindu–Arabic numerals Western Arabic Eastern Arabic Bengali Devanagari Gujarati Gurmukhi Odia Sinhala Tamil Malayalam Telugu Kannada Dzongkha Tibetan Balinese Burmese Javanese Khmer Lao Mongolian Sundanese Thai East Asian systems Contemporary Chinese Suzhou Hokkien Japanese Korean Vietnamese Historic Counting rods Tangut Other systems History Ancient Babylonian Post-classical Cistercian Mayan Muisca Pentadic Quipu Rumi Contemporary Che...

 

 

Katedral VinhGereja Katedral Maria Diangkat ke Surga di VinhKatedral VinhLokasiVinhNegaraVietnamDenominasiGereja Katolik RomaSejarahDedikasiMaria Diangkat ke SurgaArsitekturStatusKatedralStatus fungsionalAktifAdministrasiKeuskupanKeuskupan Vinh Katedral Vinh atau secara resmi bernama Katedral Santa Maria Diangkat ke Surga adalah sebuah gereja katedral Katolik yang terletak di Vinh, negara Vietnam. Katedral ini menjadi pusat kedudukan serta takhta bagi Keuskupan Vinh.[1] Lihat juga Ger...

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: That's Why You Go Away – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this message) 1995 single by Michael Learns to RockThat's Why (You Go Away)Single by Michael Learns to Rockfrom the album Played on Pepper B-sideT...

 

 

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento chiese della Sicilia non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Santuario di Santa Lucia al sepolcroVeduta esternaStato Italia RegioneSicilia LocalitàSiracusa Coordinate37°04′22.29″N 15°17′30.1″E37°04′22.29″N, 15°17′30.1″E Religionecattolica di rito romano TitolareLucia da Siracusa Ordin...