細胞增生（英語：Hyperplasia），是指由於細胞數量增加（細胞增殖）而造成組織的體積質量增加[4]，並且有些情況下會導致器官變大。細胞增生有時會與良性的贅生物或是良性肿瘤混淆[5]。
細胞增生是細胞對外在刺激常見的腫瘤前期反應[6] ，在顯微鏡底下，增生細胞與正常細胞無異，但是數量變多，有時候增生細胞的體積也可能變大（細胞肥大）[7]。細胞增生與細胞肥大的主要差異在於細胞受到外在刺激之後的反應方式，細胞增生是受到刺激之後細胞數量增加，而細胞肥大則是細胞的體積變大[8]。
細胞增生是一種對特定刺激的正常生理反應，增生的細胞也仍然受到細胞生長週期調控[5]；然而，如果出現過多的荷爾蒙或是生長因子的刺激，細胞增生也會成為病理反應。異常的細胞增生和正常的細胞增生同樣受到生長因子控制，並且在移除刺激後停止生長[9]，這一點和癌症及良性腫瘤發展過程中的贅生物不同，不同點在於癌变細胞不但異常生長，而且對於正常生長因子刺激沒有反應[10] 。即使如此，異常的細胞增生可以是進一步發生癌變的起點[9]。
許多原因都可能導致細胞增生，包括為了補償皮膚損傷而發生的表皮基底層增生、慢性發炎反應、荷爾蒙失調、或是因為創傷及其他疾病而發生的器官補償生長[11] 。細胞增生可能無害且發生在特定組織，例如乳腺的泌乳細胞在懷孕之後發生細胞增生，以因應分娩後的哺乳需求[12]。
胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF）在人體上最主要的功能是促進細胞增生，也就是細胞分裂[13]，相對地，細胞肥大則只是細胞體積增加，例如骨骼肌細胞在重量訓練及使用類固醇之後產生的變化[14]。使用IGF後，會導致細胞增生而真正地增加組織中肌肉細胞的數量[15]，之後施加重量訓練，無論是否使用類固醇，都可以使這些新產生的細胞在大小及力量上更成熟。有些理論認為某些運動的力量輸出訓練可以導致細胞增生，因此增加肌肉纖維的數量而不是僅增加單一肌肉纖維的體積[16]。
以子宮內膜細胞增生為例，通常是透過巴氏涂片检查來確認診斷，或是在子宮頸檢查時同時取得子宮內膜組織切片[3]。至於庫興氏病（英语：Cushing's disease）則可以檢查患者唾液的可體松濃度是否升高[17]。
細胞增生有些更常見的臨床形式，或是有些情況導致細胞增生：
細胞增生的治療會依據每種疾病的不同採用不同的治療方法。例如攝護腺肥大的患者可以合併使用甲型交感神經受體阻斷劑（英语：Alpha-1 blocker）以及5α還原酵素抑制劑（英语：5α-Reductase inhibitor）治療[26]。
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هذه المقالة عن نمر الثُلوج أحد أنواع فصيلة السنوريَّات. لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع نمر (توضيح). اضغط هنا للاطلاع على كيفية قراءة التصنيف نَمِرُ الثُّلُوجِ حالة الحفظ أنواع مهددة بالانقراض (خطر انقراض أدنى)[1] المرتبة التصنيفية نوع التصنيف العلمي النطاق: حقيقيَّات النوى
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (نوفمبر 2020) ألييسون براون معلومات شخصية الميلاد العقد 1980 إنجلترا مواطنة المملكة المتحدة الحياة العملية المهنة مغنية، وممثلة اللغات الإنجليزية المو
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