元音簡化表
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SAMPA
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國際音標
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說明
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例子
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i
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i
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閉前不圓唇元音
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英語 see;西班牙語 sí;法語 vite;德語 mieten;意大利語 visto
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I
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(縮小的 I 字母)
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閉前不圓唇元音,但較為央和開,也較為鬆馳(按:應為「次閉近前不圓唇元音」)
front closed unrounded vowel, but somewhat more
centralised and relaxed
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英語 city;德語 mit
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e
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e
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front half closed unrounded vowel
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US English bear, Spanish él, French année, German mehr, Italian rete, Catalan més
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E
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ɛ
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front half open unrounded vowel
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English bed, French même,German Herr, Männer,
Italian ferro, Catalan mes, Spanish perro
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{
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ae ligature, æ
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front open unrounded vowel
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English cat
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y
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y
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front closed rounded vowel
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French du, German Tür
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2
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slashed o, ø
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front half closed rounded vowel
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French deux (hence '2'), German Höhle
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9
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oe ligature, œ
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front half open rounded vowel
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French neuf (hence '9'), German Hölle
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1
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overstroked i, i
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central closed unrounded vowel
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Russian мыс [m1s] 'mouse'
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@
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ə (turned down e) schwa
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central neutral unrounded vowel
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English about, winner,German bitte
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6
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ɐ (turned down a) open schwa
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central neutral unrounded vowel
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German besser
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3
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ɜ (Greek epsilon mirrored to the left)
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front half open unrounded vowel, but somewhat more
centralised and relaxed
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English bird
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a
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a
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central open vowel
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Spanish da, barra, French bateau,
lac, German Haar, Italian pazzo
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}
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overstroked u, ʉ
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central closed rounded vowel
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Scottish English pool, Swedish sju
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8
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overstroked o, ɵ
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central neutral rounded vowel
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Swedish kust
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&
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small capital OE ligature, ɶ
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front open rounded vowel
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American English that
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M
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ɯ (upside-down m)
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back closed unrounded vowel
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Japanese fuji, Vietnamese ư Korean 으
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7
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ɤ (squeezed Greek gamma)
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back half closed unrounded vowel
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Vietnamese ơ Korean 어
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V
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ʌ (turned down v)
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back half open unrounded vowel
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RP and US English run, enough
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A
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ɑ ('d' with no upper tail)
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back open unrounded vowel
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English arm, US English law, standard French âme
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u
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u
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back closed rounded vowel
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English soon, Spanish tú, French
goût, German Hut, Mutter, Italian azzurro, tutto
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U
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ʊ (turned down small capital Greek omega)
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back closed rounded vowel somewhat more centralised
and relaxed
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English put, Buddhist
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o
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o
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back half closed rounded vowel
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US English sore, Scottish English boat, Spanish yo, French beau, German Sohle, Italian dove, Catalan ona
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O
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ɔ (c mirrored to the left)
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back half open rounded vowel
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British English law, caught, Italian cosa, Catalan dona,
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Q
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ɒ ('b' with no upper tail)
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後開圓唇元音
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英國英語 not, cough, 德語 Toll
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