BMW M50

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BMW M50引擎

BMW M50德國寶馬公司生產的一系列直列六缸,自然吸氣,頂置雙凸輪軸(DOHC)汽油引擎,1990年投產,為M20系列引擎的換代產品。1996年,M50(除S50外)停產並被M52取代。

M50相比前代M20有較大改動,M20的單頂置凸輪軸(SOHC)被雙凸輪軸取代,每汽缸的氣門數量也增加到4個。缸體仍保持鑄鐵同時,缸蓋換為鋁合金製。[1] 1992年M50全線更新為M50TU(TU為Techical Update的縮寫,技術升級之意),首次引入可變氣門正時(即BMW VANOS技術),[2]以改善引擎在不同轉速時功率輸出表現,並減少油耗。

M50的競速版本為S50,裝備M3Z3的M版本等跑車。S50的生產時間持續到1999年,此時基型M50早已全線停產。下一代產品S52(美規E36 M3使用)也遠不如S50成功,甚至BMW在開發後兩代的S54時仍選擇從S50基礎上研發。

型號

型號 排氣量 最高功率 最大扭矩[3] 紅線轉速 缸徑 衝程 壓縮比 年代
M50B20 1,991 cc(121 cu in) 110 kW(148 hp) @ 6000 190 N·m(140 lb·ft) @ 4700 6500 80 mm(3.1英寸) 66 mm(2.6英寸) 10.5:1 1990
M50B20TU 110 kW(148 hp) @ 5900 190 N·m(140 lb·ft) @ 4200 6500 80 mm(3.1英寸) 66 mm(2.6英寸) 11.0:1 1993
M50B24 2,394 cc(146 cu in) 138 kW(185 hp) @ 5900 235 N·m(173 lb·ft) @ 4700 6550 84 mm(3.3英寸) 72 mm(2.8英寸) 1991
M50B25 2,494 cc(152 cu in) 141 kW(189 hp) @ 5900 245 N·m(181 lb·ft) @ 4700 6500 84 mm(3.3英寸) 75 mm(3.0英寸) 10.0:1 1990
M50B25TU 141 kW(189 hp) @ 5900 245 N·m(181 lb·ft) @ 4200 6500 84 mm(3.3英寸) 75 mm(3.0英寸) 10.5:1 1993
S50B30 2,990 cc(182 cu in) 210 kW(282 hp) @ 7000 320 N·m(236 lb·ft) @ 3600 7280 86 mm(3.4英寸) 85.8 mm(3.4英寸) 10.8:1 [4] 1992
S50B30US 179 kW(240 hp) @ 6000 305 N·m(225 lb·ft) @ 4250 6500 86 mm(3.4英寸) 85.8 mm(3.4英寸) 10.5:1 [4] 1993
S50B32 3,201 cc(195 cu in) 236 kW(316 hp) @ 7400 350 N·m(258 lb·ft) @ 3250 7600 86.4 mm(3.4英寸) 91 mm(3.6英寸) 11.3:1 [5] 1995

M50B20

M50B20投產與1990年,首次裝備E34型520i。其缸徑為80 mm(3.1英寸),衝程為66 mm(2.6英寸),排氣量1,991 cc(121 cu in),最大馬力110 kW(150 hp).[6]

裝備車型:

M50B20TU

1993年投产,改进之处为进气凸轮轴采用可变气门正时(BMW VANOS)。其峰值功率转速为4200 rpm,比基型低500rpm。[6]

装备车型:

M50B24

排气量为2.4L,为基型M50B25縮短衝程而來。僅裝備泰國市場的BMW3系列的E36型BMW5系列E34型兩款車。

M50B25

M50B25於1990年投產,首批裝備525i/525ix。其缸徑84 mm(3.3英寸),衝程75 mm(3.0英寸),排氣量2,494 cc(152 cu in)。最大功率為141 kW(192 PS;189 hp)(6000rpm),最大扭矩為245 N·m(181 lb·ft)(4700rpm)。[6]

裝備車型:

M50B25TU

M50B25的中期改進版本,加裝了進氣凸輪軸可變正時(VANOS)。1993年投產,峰值功率提前至4200rpm。[6]

裝備車型

S50

S50是從M50基礎上改進的高性能版本,由M部門負責研發。其技術脫胎於中期改進型M50,並有如下改進之處:

  • 每汽缸都有獨立運動的油門片(Throttle Plates)
  • 連續可變氣門正時(VANOS)
  • 輕量化活塞
  • 具石墨塗層的連桿
  • 擴大進氣氣門面積
  • 等長雙排氣管

S50B30

S50B30是S50亞系列第一個投產的型號,排氣量2,990 cc(182 cu in) ,裝備E36型M3。在北美,E36型M3在生產了45台後即改用S50北美版,S50B30在其他市場繼續使用。引擎由博世美敦力公司(Motronic)提供的M3.3型ECU控制,並具備一個單獨的“VNC”裝置控制VANOS系統,使每一個氣門的開閉都能得到精確的調節。其缸徑86毫米(3.4英寸),衝程86毫米(3.4英寸),最大功率 210 kW(282 hp),壓縮比為10.8:1[7] 1995年起生產的“M3 GT”版本更是進一步修改了凸輪軸,油底殼和機油泵浦,其最大功率可達216 kW(294 PS;290 hp) 。[8]

裝備車型:

S50B30US

S5050B30US相比S50B30削減了功率,其排氣量保持不變的同時,功率削減為240 hp(179 kW)。[9] 引擎由M50TUB25獨立發展而來,相比基型修改了曲軸,連桿和活塞,並擴大了衝程以增大排氣量。機頭和M50TUB25保持一致,但其氣門和可變正時裝置進行精密的條件以滿足功率擴大的需要。

裝備車型

S50B32

S50B32是S50B30的改進版本,投產與1996年,在北美以外的市場上市。其缸徑為86.4 mm(3.4英寸),衝程91 mm(3.6英寸),排氣量增加到3,201 cc(195 cu in)。[10] 引擎控制模塊為西門子MSS50,首次加裝進排氣雙VANOS系統,VANOS系統控制亦由MSS50行車電腦完成。油底殼也重新設計,但較M3GT上的小,且裝備了雙重抽油裝置,以避免在高速過彎時單個抽油裝置無法抽取足夠機油的狀況。引擎最大功率上升為236 kW(321 PS;316 hp)壓縮比11.3:1。[11]

裝備車型

  • 1996-1999 E36型 M3(除北美外)
  • 1996-1999 Z3 M coupe and M roadster(除北美外)

參見

BMW引擎列表
BMW M52
BMW M54

參考文獻

  1. ^ The BMW Six Cylinder Guide. AutoSpeed. [2012-10-11]. (原始内容存档于2012-03-29). 
  2. ^ BMW M50 engine. usautoparts.net. [2012-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2012-05-12). 
  3. ^ Engine Specifications for M50 engines. [13 July 2014]. (原始内容存档于2013-12-03). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 BMW M3 E36. BMW M Registry. [2012-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2002-06-02). 
  5. ^ FAQ E36/8 M coupe. BMW M Registry. [2012-11-23]. (原始内容存档于2002-01-11). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 BMW Heaven Specification Database | Engine specifications for M50 engines. Bmwheaven.com. [2012-10-11]. (原始内容存档于2013-12-03). 
  7. ^ BMW M3, 1993 E36 technical specifications 54967. Carfolio.com. 2012-05-16 [2012-10-11]. (原始内容存档于2004-11-06). 
  8. ^ FAQ E36 M3 3.0. BMW M Registry. [2012-06-03]. (原始内容存档于2002-06-02). 
  9. ^ FAQ E36 M3 3.0. BMW M Registry. [2012-10-11]. (原始内容存档于2002-06-02). 
  10. ^ 1995-1999 BMW M3 - Used Car Reviews. Motor Trend. [2012-10-11]. (原始内容存档于2006-03-20). 
  11. ^ BMW Heaven Specification Database | Engine specifications for Motorsport engines. Bmwheaven.com. [2012-10-11]. (原始内容存档于2014-08-13). 

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