阿爾烏拜德銅樑

阿爾烏拜德銅樑
阿爾烏拜德銅樑
材質銅
尺寸長2.59公尺，高 1.07公尺
年代公元前2600-2400年
現存於 英国倫敦大英博物館
编号ME 114308

阿爾烏拜德銅樑是一座於伊拉克南部古苏美尔城市阿爾烏拜德（英语：Tell al-'Ubaid）發現的一個大型銅板或浮雕。由英國考古學家亨利·霍爾於1919年發掘，這個浮雕是從古代美索不達米亞保存至今的最大金屬雕塑之一，現保存在大英博物館中。[1]

發現

這件雕塑於1919年在伊拉克南部古城烏爾附近孤立的蘇美爾遺址阿爾烏拜德，採用泥與磚建成的神殿基礎下方所發現的雕塑，根據銘刻記載，考古學家已確定這座神殿最初因獻給女神宁胡尔萨格而建立。基於其最初被發現的位置，有人認為這個銅板原本位於神殿的門上方。

不久之後，這件雕塑被運往倫敦，成為大英博物館的收藏品之一。[2][3]

特徵

在發現時，阿爾烏拜德銅樑處於相當危殆的狀態，需要由修復師進行大量修復。修復後的銅板中央呈現出獅頭鷹安祖的形象，它被視為尼努尔塔的象徵。神的兩側各站著一隻鹿，其中一隻的頭部已被修復。

這個浮雕是從一塊非常大的銅板打造而成，像這樣尺寸如此巨大的物品能夠保存至今為少數個例，因為大多數此時期的金屬器物在古代幾乎都已熔化，以便用於金屬價值。

參考文獻

  1. ^ Tell al-'Ubaid Copper Lintel. Joy of Museums Virtual Tours. [2023-04-16]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-02） （美国英语）. 
  2. ^ relief | British Museum. The British Museum. [2023-04-16]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04） （英语）. 
  3. ^ Amin, Osama Shukir Muhammed. Imdugud Copper Frieze from the Ninhursag Temple. World History Encyclopedia. [2023-04-16]. （原始内容存档于2023-04-16） （英语）. 

相關書籍

  • H.R. Hall and C.L. Woolley, Ur Excavations, vol. I: Al-Uba (London, Oxford University Press, 1927)
  • T. C. Mitchell, Sumerian art: illustrated by objects from Ur and Al-'Ubaid (London, The British Museum Press, 1969)
  • H.W.F. Saggs, Babylonians (London, The British Museum Press, 1995)
  • D. Collon, Ancient Near Eastern art (London, The British Museum Press, 1995)
  • Michael Roaf, Cultural atlas of Mesopotamia (New York, 1990)

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