阮氏環 (阮興祖)

孝康皇后
皇后、皇太后
前任:孝武皇后張氏容
繼任:承天高皇后宋氏蘭
皇太后
國家越南
政權阮朝
姓名阮氏環
出生1738年
永佑四年
廣南國廣平營廣平府明靈縣安遊社
婚年1781年
逝世1811年10月30日(1811歲—10—30)(73歲)
嘉隆十年九月十四日
越南國廣德營富春京
谥号懿靜惠恭安貞慈獻孝康皇后
墓葬瑞聖陵
親屬
父親演國公阮福忠
母親馮氏
孝康皇帝阮福㫻
海東郡王阮福晍、世祖阮福映、通化郡王阮福晪
隆城公主阮氏玉琇

孝康皇后越南语Hiếu Khang hoàng hậu孝康皇后;1738年—1811年10月30日),名阮氏環越南语Nguyễn Thị Hoàn阮氏環),越南阮朝開國皇帝阮福映的母親。

生平

阮氏環是廣平營廣平府明靈縣安遊社(今屬廣治省永靈縣)人,永佑四年(1738年)出生。其父是演國公阮福忠,母為馮氏。阮氏環與姐姐阮氏珄同是阮福映父親阮福㫻的侍妾,並生下了海東郡王阮福晍、阮福映和通化郡王阮福晪三個兒子和隆城公主阮氏玉琇一個女兒。

景興三十五年(1774年),北河鄭主鄭森見南河局勢混亂,就指派部將黃五福討伐。當時阮氏環沒能跟隨阮主逃走,在安游社的娘家藏身。景興四十年(1779年),阮福映派人接她到嘉定(今胡志明市一帶),並尊為國母。

景興四十四年(1783年),阮惠阮侶西山軍攻陷了嘉定,國母阮氏環隨阮福映出奔富國島;船程上阮福映曾向阮氏環怨嘆辛苦,但阮氏環卻安慰兒子不要放棄,故此阮福映得以激勵,前往暹羅求救。景興四十六年(1785年),舊阮、暹羅聯軍欲奪回嘉定,但被西山軍所敗,阮福映再奔暹羅,並派人將國母和其他宮眷接到暹羅。

景興四十九年(1788年),阮福映奪取嘉定之後,派阮文閑出使暹羅告捷,將阮氏環等家眷接到嘉定,並尊她為國母王太妃

嘉隆元年(1802年),阮福映建立阮朝。次年三月初七日(1803年4月27日),阮氏環被尊為王太后。嘉隆五年(1806年),阮福映正式登基稱帝。七月初二日(8月15日),阮氏環再被尊為皇太后,成為阮朝第一位皇太后。

嘉隆十年九月十四日(1811年10月30日),阮氏環在順化皇城長壽宮去世,寿73歲。阮福映上尊諡為懿靜惠恭安貞慈獻孝康皇后越南语Ý Tĩnh Huệ Cung An Trinh Từ Hiến Hiếu Khang hoàng hậu懿靜惠恭安貞慈獻孝康皇后)。翌年,葬於瑞聖陵,並安其神主興祖廟

冊文

嘉隆二年(1803年),晉尊王太后冊文:

蓋聞帝王至德要道,莫先於孝。故愛敬行於家,而風化被於國,所謂達孝者也。恭惟聖母陛下,德閥流輝,芳閨擅美。粵事仁考,內修壼政。雖在顛危,周還匪懈。撫育藐質,至于有成。繼遭國難,愈篤勤斯。郊外關河,莫遑啓處。宗國之憂,夙夜儆戒,以有今日。仰荷列先聖王在天之靈,相佑其成,亦惟聖母篤生教養所致。至仁大德,無德而名。參攷典章,徽稱敢後。謹奉金冊,上尊號為王太后,以敍崇徽,而揚懿鑠;以敦孝敬,而答慈恩。於戲!尊其所親,景仰乾元之德;綏之以福,永綿履吉之祥。

嘉隆五年(1806年),晉尊皇太后冊文:

竊聞孝必先於立愛,禮莫大於尊親。緬考常經,足徵盛典。欽惟王太后陛下,淑問博洽,高邁前古。厚德懿行,夷險一致。化式庭闈,利施社稷。福貽子姓,澤被臣民。積功累仁,以有今日。肆臣甫協,僉言旣膺,帝號深惟。發育之功,與天無極。敢不推崇徽美,以答鴻慈。謹奉金冊金寶,恭上尊號為皇太后。伏惟光受鴻稱,永綏多祉。名惟德稱,長侔兩耀之輝;福自天申,益衍九如之壽。

嘉隆十年(1811年),皇后諡冊文:

臣聞易稱成物,詩美生民。惟厚德體于至元,故徽音垂諸永世。欽惟大行皇太后,慈仁得乎天性;弘大配乎坤儀。艱難居貞,勱相仁考。旣乃遭罹國步,暨臣于艱。躬健順之儀型,勖憂勤之機略。俾臣得以再造邦家,一統海宇。自非惠訓,曷克臻此。美成之化,洽于羣方。大壽之年,逾乎七袠。遽棄天下之養,為帝鄉之遊。謂天蓋高,欲酬恩而罔極。如地之載,宜述德於無疆。謹率羣臣,請命宗廟。恭奉金冊,上尊諡曰懿靜惠恭安貞慈獻孝康皇后。伏惟懋昭靈爽,光受大名。陟配禰宮,萃歆萬禩。

參考資料

孝康皇后阮氏
前任:
孝武皇后張氏
(追尊)
越南阮朝皇后
(追尊)
繼任:
承天高皇后宋氏
前任:
皇太后阮氏
越南後黎朝皇太后
越南阮朝皇太后
1803年—1811年
空缺
下一位持有相同頭銜者:

仁宣皇太后陳氏

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