迈克尔·格恩哈特

迈克尔·格恩哈特
出生 (1956-05-04) 1956年5月4日68歲)
俄亥俄州曼斯菲尔德
国籍美国
职业NASA宇航员
航天生涯
美国国家航空航天局宇航员
过往职业生物工程学
在太空时间43d 07h 01m
甄选1992 NASA
任务STS-69, STS-83, STS-94, STS-104
任务徽章

迈克尔·兰登·格恩哈特Michael Landon Gernhardt,1956年5月4日)是一位NASA宇航员。他还担任林顿·约翰逊太空中心环境生理学实验室经理和PRP项目首席研究员。[1]

个人经历

格恩哈特于1956年5月4日出生于美国俄亥俄州曼斯菲尔德。他喜欢跑步、游泳、飞行、钓鱼和深海潜水[1]

水下职业生涯

从1977年到1984年,格恩哈特担任专业潜水员,并担任世界各地海底油田的建设和维修项目经理。他拥有超过700个深海潜水记录。格恩哈特参加了宾夕法尼亚大学的研究生院,并在组织气泡动力学方面提出了新的理论。[2]之后,他参与了新型减压表的开发和试验。1984年到1988年,格恩哈特先后担任国际海洋工程公司(Oceaneering International)特别计划的经理和副总裁。在这期间,他领导开发了海底平台的清洁和检查遥控系统,以及新的潜水和机器人工具。1988年,他创办海洋空间系统公司(Oceaneering Space Systems),致力于海底技术用于国际空间站的研究。[1]从1988年到1992年,他研究同时适用于宇航员和机器人操作的空间站维修工具。他也负责开发用于舱外活动的新型便携式生命支持系统和减压程序。

NASA职业生涯

1992年3月,格恩哈特被美国国家航空航天局选中,1992年8月进入约翰逊航天中心。

他的主要任务包括:航天飞机航空电子综合实验室飞行软件鉴定;开发nitrox系统,用于哈勃太空望远镜维修和各种空间站舱外活动训练;[3]作为佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心航天员支持小组成员,负责航天飞机发射前的检查工作;在休斯顿任务控制中心担任多个航天飞机任务的通信员;领导国际研究组,开发新的呼吸系统,改进国际空间站太空行走的安全和效率。[4]

到目前为止,迈克尔·格恩哈特博士作为任务专家参加了4次太空飞行,分别为1995年的STS-69、1997年的 STS-83STS-94、2001年的STS-104,总计飞行时间为43天。他共参与了4次太空行走,总计时间为23小时16分钟。[1]

太空飞行经历

1995年美国宇航员迈克尔·格恩哈特执行STS-69时进行太空行走。

STS-69任务的目的为部署和取回SPARTAN卫星和WSF。奋进号航天飞机于1995年9月7日起飞,18日返回,任务持续260小时29分8秒,格恩哈特与詹姆斯·沃斯进行了一次太空行走,用时6小时46分,评估了空间站的工具和硬件。[1]

STS-83是一次关于微重力科学实验室的任务,由于航天飞机3个燃料电池装置中有1个出现故障而中断。哥伦比亚号航天飞机于1997年4月4日起飞,飞行95小时12分后于8日返回。[1]

STS-94目的是继续STS-83未完成的任务,主要研究在微重力环境下的材料和燃烧科学。哥伦比亚号航天飞机于1997年7月1日起飞,17日返回,总计飞行时间飞行376小时45分,绕地球飞行了251圈。[1]

STS-104国际空间站的第10次任务。阿特兰蒂斯号航天飞机于2001年7月12日起飞,24日返回。在为期13天的任务期间,任务成员和第2长期考察组(Expedition 2)的成员一起工作。格恩哈特与詹姆斯·莱利进行了3次太空行走,为空间站安装了空气阻隔舱。[1][5]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 NASA. 《Biographical Data: Michael L. Gernhardt (Ph.D.)》. [2010-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2018-11-09). 
  2. ^ Gernhardt, ML. Development and Evaluation of a Decompression Stress Index Based on Tissue Bubble Dynamics.. Doctoral Dissertation (University of Pennsylvania Department of Bioengineering. Philadelphia, PA: Environmental Biomedical Stress Data Center, Institute for Environmental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania). 1991,. EBSDC-IFEM Report No. 1-1-1991. [2010-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2012-05-23). 
  3. ^ Fitzpatrick DT, Conkin J. Improved pulmonary function in working divers breathing nitrox at shallow depths. Undersea Hyperb Med abstract. 2003, 30 (Supplement) [2010-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2011-08-11). 
  4. ^ Gernhardt, ML; Pollock, NW; Vann, RD; Natoli, MJ; Nishi, RY; Sullivan, PJ; Conkin, J; Dervay, JP; Moore, AD; Lee, S; Acock, K; Srinivasan, RS. Development of an in-suit exercise prebreathe protocol supporting extravehicular activity in microgravity. Undersea Hyperb Med abstract. 2004, 31 (Supplement) [2010-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2011-08-11). 
  5. ^ 美“阿特兰蒂斯”号返回地面. 新华网. 2001-07-25 [2010-03-23]. (原始内容存档于2003-03-03). 

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