西藏虎棋

西藏虎棋，是流行於西藏地區老虎棋類，在古代藏族歷史書籍中稱其為赤或折；在卫藏地区称之为王棋、围王棋，音譯杰布坚孜^[1]；在拉薩称之为王之爭勝，音譯吉布杰普；在日喀則称之为虎羊之玩，音譯達恣魯恣^[2]；后藏地区称为虎羊争斗，安多地区称其为定棋，用虎棋數量分有三種形式：單虎、雙虎、四虎^[3]，規則與尼泊爾虎棋類似。

棋具

四虎型棋盤，九道十四斜的西藏虎棋，四枚虎棋在虎穴門，十六枚羊棋在第三線，四十八枚在羊方手邊。

棋盤主要有三種，棋盤倒三角形稱為虎穴或王宮，藏語音譯分別為達倉、吉康。

- 單虎型：五橫五豎橫縱線交叉，另有東南-西北向、西南-東北向的斜線各三條，並在一邊中點各添上一個內有十字的倒三角形。全部共三十一個棋點。

- 雙虎型：五橫五豎橫縱線交叉，另有東南-西北向、西南-東北向的斜線各三條，並在兩對邊中點各添上一個內有十字的倒三角形。全部共三十七個棋點。
- 四虎型：九橫九豎橫縱線交叉，另有東南-西北向、西南-東北向的斜線各七條，並在四邊中點各添上一個內有十字的倒三角形。全部共一百零五個棋點。
分為兩方：羊方、虎方。棋子以兩色區分敵我，以羊、虎稱之，藏語音譯分別為魯、達；也有分別稱為兵、王，藏語音譯分別為為瑪米、吉布。
- 單虎型：
  - 羊方十五枚。
  - 虎方二枚。
- 雙虎型：
  - 羊方十八枚；或二十四枚。
  - 虎方二枚。
- 四虎型：
  - 羊方七十四枚；或六十四枚。
  - 虎方四枚。

規則

棋子皆放在棋點。初始佈置的虎棋皆在三角形中央，只有羊棋位置不同。有些是多枚羊先集中在同一棋點。被吃時，也是只能取一枚。
- 單虎型：十枚羊棋在倒三角形最遠的兩橫線，五枚在羊方手邊；或八枚羊棋圍繞棋盤中心點，八枚在羊方手邊；或四枚羊棋在中間正方形四角點，十二枚在羊方手邊。
- 雙虎型：八枚羊棋圍繞棋盤中心點，十枚在羊方手邊；或所有羊棋在中間正方形四角點，每點六枚。
- 四虎型：二十四枚羊棋在由外至內的第二線，五十枚在羊方手邊；或十六枚羊棋在由外至內的第三線，四十八枚在羊方手邊。

任何棋子皆須需棋盤上的斜縱橫線移動。

每回合羊方可能有二種行動，以落子為優先，當所有己棋都已不在手邊方可移子：
- 落子：將一枚己棋置於空棋點處。
- 移子：移動一己子一步到鄰近的空棋點，不能連續兩次都移動同枚子。

每回合虎方能選擇以下兩種行動之一：
- 移子：移動一己子到鄰近的空棋點。
- 吃子：跳過一枚鄰近點的羊棋落到同方向的緊連空點，然後把被跳過的敵棋移出棋盤不再使用，可以連跳吃。

虎方以減少羊棋子剩下七到五枚獲勝。羊方以讓所有虎棋不能移動獲勝^[4]^[2]。

參考

^ དྲི་བ་འདོན་ས།_ཀྲུང་གོའི་བོད་ལྗོངས་དྲ་བ།. [2011-04-12]. （原始内容存档于2012-06-17）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 中国体育博物馆. 《中华民族传统体育志》. 中國: 广西民族出版社. 1990. ISBN 9787536307827 （中文（简体））.
^ 浅淡西藏“密芒”围棋的发现和相关传统藏棋种类^{[永久失效連結]}
^ 传统藏棋

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