科學怪人

科學怪人
小說《科學怪人》的原版內頁
原名Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus
作者玛丽·雪莱
系列1冊
语言英語
主题哥德小說恐怖小說軟科幻小說
發行信息
出版机构Lackington、Hughes、Harding、Mavor & Jones
出版時間1818年
出版地點 英国
媒介紙本
页数280頁
所获奖项全国公共广播电台百佳科幻奇幻小说[*]
系列作品
玛丽·雪莱 编辑维基数据
规范控制
OCLC[1]

科學怪人》(英語:Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus),是英國女作家玛丽·雪莱的作品,里面科学家维克多弗兰肯斯坦利用从坟墓挖掘出的尸体制造的人造人[1]又名《科學怪人:另一個普羅米修斯》,又译作《弗兰肯斯坦》,是西方文学中的第一部科学幻想小说,诞生于日内瓦湖畔。最初出版於1818年,較為普及的版本是1831年印行的第三版,屬於受到浪漫主義影響的哥德小說。後世有部份學者認為這部小說可視為恐怖小說科幻小說的始祖;不過,目前已知1764年出版的《奧特蘭托堡》(The Castle of Otranto)方為第一部哥德小說恐怖小說,所以稱其為科幻小說較為適切,作品融入了啟蒙時代科學幻想的成份,弗兰肯斯坦本人其實是故事中的瘋狂醫生,因為以科學的方式使死屍復活,所以中文版译作《科學怪人》。而那个人造人稱為「弗兰肯斯坦的怪物」。

改編

《科學怪人》的草稿

《科學怪人》發表後,出現大量重写或续写的作品、電影、戏剧、电视作品等。但大多與原作所描述的怪人一樣,頭上滿佈疤痕、強壯又高大(2.5米),脸色枯黄,眼窝深陷,两片嘴唇呈直溜溜的一条黑线,而怪物的脖子或太陽穴通常都有大螺絲,一般認為這是弗蘭肯斯坦為了增強導電使之復活而裝上的,上述的設定使得它更像個怪物;也有將科學怪人改編成面惡心善的作品,這種心地善良的怪物通常被稱為「Frankenstein」,但其實在原作中,這怪物是沒有名字的,這怪物只被稱為“怪物”(the monster),而製造他的人是有名字的,叫Victor Frankenstein。這類作品多半改編成卡通,但在卡通中,弗蘭肯有點像客串的角色。怪物的名字「弗蘭肯」(Franken)多被認為是取自弗蘭肯斯坦的原文名稱“Frankenstein”"

評價

西奥多·冯·霍尔斯特1831為其繪製的插圖

《科學怪人》出版之後評價兩極化嚴重。沃爾特·斯科特在《布萊克伍德雜誌》上表示,他雖然不認為作者在文中展現的描繪手法能給予怪物智慧,但他確實看出作者有寫作的天分[2]。而約翰·威爾遜·克羅克在《季度評論》中匿名撰文稱,雖然作者的想法和語言都很有力量,但文章本身只是“一連串恐怖又噁心的胡言亂語”。[3]

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ 奇幻世界漫遊協會. 幻想世界 幻獸事典. 譯者:黃昱翔. 楓樹林. 2016/09/01: 58. ISBN 9789865688523. 
  2. ^ Scott, Walter. Remarks on Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus; A Novel. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine. March 1818: 613–620 [2020-04-11]. (原始内容存档于2020-01-14).  参数|magazine=与模板{{cite journal}}不匹配(建议改用{{cite magazine}}|journal=) (帮助)
  3. ^ Review of Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus. The Quarterly Review. January 1818, 18: 379–85 [2020-04-11]. (原始内容存档于2018-11-06). a tissue of horrible and disgusting absurdity 

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