相互理解性
相互理解性 指语言学上的互通程度(亦称互懂程度),為某种语言的使用者在从未接触另一种语言(包括听或学习)的情況下,能通过听力或(及)阅读理解另一种语言的程度。这一数据常被用作区分语言与方言的重要根据。另外,社会语言学亦會用作区分的根据。
语言互通有时是不对等的,即语言A与语言B的使用者在交谈时,语言A可能更易被语言B的使用者理解,反之则不成立。互通常发生在地理上毗邻的语言或方言之间,特别是方言连续体中。
例子
书面与听力
仅听力
仅书面
古语
参考文献
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C.F. Voegelin and F.M. Voegelin. 1977. Classification and Index of the World's Languages (Elsevier). Pg. 311, "In terms of immediate mutual intelligibility, the East Slavic zone is a single language." Bernard Comrie. 1981. The Languages of the Soviet Union (Cambridge). Pg. 145-146: "The three East Slavonic languages are very close to one another, with very high rates of mutual intelligibility...The separation of Russian, Ukrainian, and Belorussian as distinct languages is relatively recent...Many Ukrainians in fact speak a mixture of Ukrainian and Russian, finding it difficult to keep the two languages apart...
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- ^ Wright, Sue. Monolingualism and bilingualism: Lessons from Canada and Spain. Multilingual Matters Ltd. 1996: 80. ISBN 1853593540.
- ^ 19.0 19.1 Tokelauan language. [2010-11-24]. (原始内容存档于2012-11-08).
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- ^ 23.0 23.1 Gumperz, John J. Language Problems in the Rural Development of North India. The Journal of Asian Studies. February 1957, 16 (2): 251–259.
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延伸閱讀
- Casad, Eugene H. Dialect intelligibility testing. Summer Institute of Linguistics. 1974 [2018-07-31]. ISBN 0-88312-040-2. (原始内容存档于2020-04-23).
- Gooskens, Charlotte. Experimental methods for measuring intelligibility of closely related language varieties (PDF). Bayley, Robert; Cameron, Richard; Lucas, Ceil (编). The Oxford Handbook of Sociolinguistics. Oxford University Press. 2013: 195–213 [2018-07-31]. ISBN 978-0-19-974408-4. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-08-24).
- Gooskens, Charlotte; van Heuven, Vincent J.; Golubović, Jelena; Schüppert, Anja; Swarte, Femke; Voigt, Stefanie. Mutual intelligibility between closely related languages in Europe. International Journal of Multilingualism. 2017. doi:10.1080/14790718.2017.1350185.
- Grimes, Joseph E. Dialects as Optimal Communication Networks. Language. 1974, 50 (2): 260–269. JSTOR 412437.
參閲
外部連結
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