燒鴨

燒鴨飯

燒鴨是中國南方燒味中的烤鴨

南京

南京燒鴨一般澆滷汁食用
南京街頭一間燒鴨店的招牌

南京佈滿大街小巷的滷菜店都有燒鴨、燒鵝賣。明朝前当地烧鸭的做法是将鸭子煮熟涂油后架在木炭上方烤制,明朝时改为先用水烫,抹糖色,置风口晾干,再直接用炭火烘烤[1]清代陈作霖刊於1908年的《金陵物產風土志·本境動物品考》便記有:“……舉叉火炙,皮紅不焦,謂之燒鴨……。”至今南京本地老年市民稱之爲燒鴨,但二十世紀末期北京烤鴨逐漸遍佈于南京,本地新生代居民以及外地人就稱南京的燒鴨爲“南京烤鴨”、“金陵烤鴨”。“燒鴨”一詞有被“烤鴨”取代的趨勢,且南京市面上售卖的多为吊炉烧鸭,作为传统金陵菜的“金陵叉烤鸭”一度濒临失传[2][3]

京苏菜中另有将烧鸭肉切片后辅以冬笋或芹菜头、菜薹、芦蒿等配料炒制的菜肴“料烧鸭”,因曾用于招待苏联部长会议主席阿列克谢·柯西金而被称为“柯西金鸭”[1]

廣東及香港

港式快餐店的一碗燒鴨瀨粉

廣東燒鴨可能源自南京,因爲在舊時廣東和香港,只要是燒鴨,都會在菜牌上寫道“金陵片皮大鴨”或“金陵堂片大鴨”。

廣東燒鴨現在有自己獨特的做法。把填滿調味料的,掛進炭爐里用木炭高溫燒烤出來的菜式,以皮脆有光澤,皮汁多而不帶腥味為上品,通常配以醬汁食用。

燒鴨的做法與燒鵝大致相同,但肉質和份量則不及後者。然而由於燒鴨成本較低,故成為了燒鵝的代替品。

燒腩一樣,作為被再度烹調的食材的燒鴨則稱為火鴨(例如「火鴨絲炆」)。

參考資料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 陆军. 中国江苏名菜大典(上). 江苏科学技术出版社. 2010. ISBN 978-7-5345-7618-8. 
  2. ^ 翟羽. 金陵菜“走出去”的短板在哪儿?或因濒临失传. 金陵晚报. 2019-11-02 [2021-09-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-04). 
  3. ^ 杨玉梅; 李子俊. 金陵叉烤鸭“重现江湖” 金陵菜大赛赛出好味道. 南京日报. 2019-11-28 [2021-09-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-09-04). 

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