温室行动

温室作戰
Operation Greenhouse
George 核试
基本信息
国家 美国
试验地点太平洋试验场
时期1951年4月 - 5月
次数4
试验性质大气核试验
引爆方法核裂变 / 热核武器
最大当量225千公噸黃色炸藥(940太焦耳)
导航
前次核试遊騎兵行動
后次核试克星-争吵行动

温室作戰(英語:Operation Greenhouse)是美国的第五次核试验,也是1951年内的第二次核试验。该核试验为氢弹的研制奠定了基础。试验场所设在太平洋试验场,所有的原子弹爆炸测试都在高大的铁塔上进行,以模仿在空中引爆原子弹的情况。

温室作戰的目的在测试适合作战时发动攻击的新型核武器,最重要的目标是减少裂变材料到最必须的程度,同时提升破坏力。由于一年半前苏联进行了首次核试验,故美国开始进行新型核武器的储备工作,许多尚未来得及测试。温室作戰对于热核武器的进一步开发是至关重要的。

在试验的 Mujinkarikku 岛上,试验人员修建了一些掩体、房屋和工厂以测试核武器的威力。

乔治(George)核试验是世界首次热核试验,这是一种环形的装置,并不适合作为武器使用。在装置中心放置了一些液态氢的重中子)。其威力并不显著,与其说是热核武器,更类似于助爆型原子弹。这次试验为之后首枚氢弹“常春藤麥克”测试了热核武器的基本制造原则。项目(Item)核试验是第一个助爆型裂变武器,是非助爆型核武器威力的两倍。

核试验

名称 日期(GMT 核武器当量 附注
Dog 1951年4月8日 19:34 70千
Easy 1951年4月21日 19:26 47千吨
George 1951年5月9日 22:30 225千吨 首次热核试验,使用作为核物质
Item 1951年5月25日 19:17 45.5千吨 使用的助爆型核武器

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