氟正离子

氟正离子
Skeletal formula of fluoronium with assorted dimensionsDiercksen, G. H. F.; von Niessen, W.; Kraemer, W. P., SCF LCGO MO studies on the fluoronium ion FH2+ and its hydrogen bonding interaction with hydrogen fluoride FH, Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling (Theoretica Chimica Acta), September, 31 (3): 205–214, doi:10.1007/BF00526510  [永久失效連結]
Spacefill model of fluoronium
IUPAC名
Fluoronium
系统名
Fluoranium[1]
识别
CAS号 12206-67-6  checkY
ChemSpider 19122106
SMILES
 
  • [FH2+]
InChI
 
  • 1/FH2/h1H2/q+1
InChIKey YNESUKSMQODWNS-UHFFFAOYAK
ChEBI 50314
性质
化学式 H2F+
摩尔质量 21.01428 g·mol⁻¹
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

氟正離子,又稱二氢氟阳离子氟化氢合氢离子,舊譯[2],化学式为H2F+。它是一种由氟化氢的质子化或自偶电离产生的多原子阳离子

HF + H+ → H2F+

3HF H2F+ + HF2

二氢氟阳离子可以在氟锑酸里找到。[3] 已经确定了具有Sb
2
F
11
阴离子的盐的结构。 [4] [5] 二氢氟阳离子和氨基负离子等电子体

氟阳离子有机衍生物

可以形成多种无环(如[Me2Cl]+[Al(OTeF5)4][6])与环状的卤鎓离子不同,氟阳离子曾被认为无法形成通式为R–+F–R的有机衍生物。不过,氟阳离子的有机衍生物最终于2018年发现。[7]

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Fluoronium (CHEBI:50314). Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. [2011-10-12]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-16). 
  2. ^ 化學命名原則 第四版. 國立編譯館. 2004 [2021-11-19]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-10). 
  3. ^ Esteves, Pierre M.; Ramírez-Solís, Alejandro; Mota, Claudio J. A. The Nature of Superacid Electrophilic Species in HF/SbF5: A Density Functional Theory Study. Journal of the American Chemical Society. March 2002, 124 (11): 2672–2677. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 11890818. doi:10.1021/ja011151k. 
  4. ^ Mootz, Dietrich; Bartmann, Klemens. The Fluoronium Ions H2F+ and H3F2+: Characterization by Crystal Structure Analysis. Angewandte Chemie. 1988, 27 (3): 391–392. doi:10.1002/anie.198803911. 
  5. ^ Diercksen, G. H. F.; von Niessen, W.; Kraemer, W. P. SCF LCGO MO studies on the fluoronium ion FH+
    2
    and its hydrogen bonding interaction with hydrogen fluoride FH. Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling (Theoretica Chimica Acta). 1973, 31 (3): 205–214. doi:10.1007/BF00526510.
     
  6. ^ Hämmerling, Sebastian; Thiele, Günther; Steinhauer, Simon; Beckers, Helmut; Müller, Carsten; Riedel, Sebastian. A Very Strong Methylation Agent: [Me2Cl][Al(OTeF5)4]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2019, 58 (29): 9807–9810 [2024-01-19]. ISSN 1521-3773. PMID 31050103. S2CID 143434865. doi:10.1002/anie.201904007. (原始内容存档于2023-04-14) (英语). 
  7. ^ Pitts, Cody Ross; Holl, Maxwell Gargiulo; Lectka, Thomas. Spectroscopic Characterization of a [C−F−C]+ Fluoronium Ion in Solution. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2018-02-12, 57 (7): 1924–1927. PMID 29316122. doi:10.1002/anie.201712021 (英语).