毕达哥拉斯环形山

毕达哥拉斯环形山
月球轨道器4号拍摄的图像
(四块亮斑为原图中的瑕疵点)
坐标63°41′N 62°59′W / 63.68°N 62.98°W / 63.68; -62.98
直径144.55公里
深度2.96公里
余经日出时60°
命名来源毕达哥拉斯

毕达哥拉斯环形山(Pythagoras)是月球正面北半部的一座又大又深的年轻撞击坑,约形成于32-11亿年前的爱拉托逊纪[1],其名称是由荷兰天文学家米希尔·范·朗格伦取自古希腊哲学家数学家毕达哥拉斯(约公元前570年-公元前490年),1935年被国际天文学联合会批准接受。

描述

毕达哥拉斯环形山的周边,月球勘测轨道飞行器拍摄。

该陨坑西北靠近德扎尔格环形山、东北毗邻阿那克西曼德环形山、更大的巴贝奇环形山位于它的东南偏南、而南面和西南分别坐落了恩诺皮德斯环形山克雷斯特拉杜斯环形山。毕达哥拉斯环形山东南偏南是小月海露湾、西南偏南则是浩瀚的风暴洋[2]。该陨坑中心月面坐标63°41′N 62°59′W / 63.68°N 62.98°W / 63.68; -62.98,直径144.55公里[3],深度2.96公里[1]

地球看,毕达哥拉斯环形山因斜视影响而呈椭圆形,且只能看到坑内西侧,另一面则永久处于地球视线之外。该陨坑的外观大体圆形,但边缘略呈多边形状,坑壁保存完整,几乎未受到撞击侵蚀。其外侧壁纤薄,而内侧壁较宽阔,且带有明显的阶地状结构,环内侧坡底分布有坑壁坍塌形成的岩屑堆。北侧坑壁较坑底落差达到5200米[4],坑内容积约有22300公里3[1]。碗状的坑底可能已被熔岩重塑,除西南丘陵区外,其余地区相对平坦。坑底中心并列着三座巍峨的山峰,其中中间峰高3270米、东侧峰高3180米,这些山峰是由钙长石(A)和含85-90%斜长石辉长-苏长-橄长斜长岩(GNTA1)所构成[5]

卫星陨石坑

按惯例,最靠近毕达哥拉斯环形山的卫星坑在月图上以字母标注在该坑中心点的旁边。

LAC-2、LAC-9、LAC-10和LAC-11接近图
毕达哥拉斯 纬度 经度 直径
B 66.1° N 73.0° W 17 公里
D 64.5° N 72.0° W 30 公里
G 67.8° N 75.3° W 16 公里
H 67.1° N 73.3° W 18 公里
K 67.3° N 75.4° W 12 公里
L 67.3° N 77.6° W 12 公里
M 67.5° N 81.1° W 10 公里
N 66.6° N 78.1° W 14 公里
P 65.3° N 75.2° W 10 公里
S 67.7° N 64.7° W 8 公里
T 62.5° N 51.4° W 6 公里
W 63.1° N 48.9° W 4 公里

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lunar Impact Crater Database
  2. ^ Crater Pythagoras on LAC-10 map. (PDF). [2016-11-14]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2013-02-20). 
  3. ^ Directory of the International Astronomical Union. [2016-11-14]. (原始内容存档于2015-12-08). 
  4. ^ Description Crater online The Moon-Wiki.. [2016-11-14]. (原始内容存档于2018-05-30). 
  5. ^ Stefanie Tompkins and Carle M. Pieters (1999) Mineralogy of the lunar crust: Results from Clementine Meteoritics & Planetary Science, vol. 34, pp. 25-41 .

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