歧化反应

歧化反应,又稱異化反應不均化反應自身氧化还原反应,为化学反应的一种。在歧化反应中,两个一样的反应物或元素,其一之氧化数化合价)会上升,另一则会下降。[1][2]歸中反應相對。

例子

氯气中氯的化合价为0。氯離子中氯的化合价下降到-1;而次氯酸中氯的化合价则上升到+1。

氯气中氯的化合价为0。氯化钠中氯的化合价下降到-1;而氯酸钠中氯的化合价则上升到+5。

  • 再如,红棕色的二氧化氮和水反应,生成硝酸一氧化氮的方程式为:

二氧化氮中氮的化合价为+4。硝酸中氮的化合价上升到+5;而一氧化氮中氮的化合价则下降到+2。

参见

  • 归中反应:和歧化反应化学价相反的反应,即是同种元素化合价由不同变到相同

参考资料

  1. ^ Shriver, D. F.; Atkins, P. W.; Overton, T. L.; Rourke, J. P.; Weller, M. T.; Armstrong, F. A. “Inorganic Chemistry” W. H. Freeman, New York, 2006. ISBN 0-7167-4878-9.
  2. ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

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