在數學中,賦距空間(英語:Metric space)是具有距離這一個概念的集合,具體來說,是裝配了一個稱為度量的函數,用以表示此集合中任兩個成員間的距離。歷史上是由法国數學家莫里斯·弗雷歇在1906年于其意大利语著作《Sur quelques points du calcul fonctionnel》首次使用[1]。
度量空间 M 被称为有界的,如果存在某个数 r,使得对于所有 M 中的 x 和 y 有 d(x,y) ≤ r。r 最小可能的值稱之為 M 的直徑。空间 M 稱之為预紧致的或完全有界的,如果对于所有 r > 0 存在有限多个半径為 r 的开球,其并集覆盖 M。因为这些球為有限個,所以該空間的直徑亦為有限值,从而得出(使用三角不等式)所有完全有界空间都是有界的。但逆命题不成立,因为任何无限集合均可給定其离散度量(上面第一个例子),使得該空間是有界的,但不是完全有界的。
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