叠氮乙烷

叠氮乙烷
Skeletal formula of ethyl azide
Ball-and-stick model of the ethyl azide molecule
IUPAC名
Azidoethane
别名 1-叠氮乙烷
识别
CAS号 871-31-8  checkY
PubChem 79118
ChemSpider 71449
SMILES
 
  • [N-]=[N+]=N/CC
InChI
 
  • 1/C2H5N3/c1-2-4-5-3/h2H2,1H3
InChIKey UCSVJZQSZZAKLD-UHFFFAOYAG
性质
化学式 C2H5N3
摩尔质量 71.08 g·mol⁻¹
外观 液体
沸点 50 °C（323 K）
爆炸性
撞击感度 高
摩擦感度 高
热力学
ΔfHm⦵298K 266.872
危险性
主要危害 爆炸性，有害
相关物质
相关化学品 叠氮酸
叠氮化氯
叠氮甲烷
若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

叠氮乙烷（化学式 C2H5N3）是一种极易爆炸的化合物，对加热和冲击敏感。它加热到室温时就已经爆炸。[1][2] 当加热至分解时，它会释放有毒的氮氧化物气体。[3][4]

它会刺激眼睛、呼吸系统和皮肤。

用处

叠氮乙烷可用于合成三唑类有机物。[5][6]

参考资料

  1. ^ Campbell, H. C.; Rice, O. K. The Explosion of Ethyl Azide. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1935, 57 (6): 1044–1050. doi:10.1021/ja01309a019. 
  2. ^ Rice, O. K.; Campbell, H. C. The Explosion of Ethyl Azide in the Presence of Diethyl Ether. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1939, 7 (8): 700–709. doi:10.1063/1.1750516. 
  3. ^ Rice, O. K. The Role of Heat Conduction in Thermal Gaseous Explosions. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1940, 8 (9): 727–733. doi:10.1063/1.1750808. 
  4. ^ Costa Cabral, B. J.; Costa, M. L.; Almoster Ferreira, M. A. ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Structure and Ionization Energies of Azides: An ab initio Study of Hydrazoic Acid, Methyl Azide and Ethyl Azide. ChemInform. 2010, 24 (37): no. doi:10.1002/chin.199337053. 
  5. ^ Mudiraj, Anwita; Geeviman, Khamushavalli; Babu, Phanithi Prakash; Reddy, A. Ram. Triazolo aspirins inhibit proliferation of C6 glioma cell lines in vitro. Journal of Pharmacy Research (Mohali, India), 2014. 8 (6): 741-750.
  6. ^ Zsófia E. Blastik, Svatava Voltrová, Václav Matoušek, Bronislav Jurásek, David W. Manley, Blanka Klepetářová, Petr Beier. Azidoperfluoroalkanes: Synthesis and Application in Copper(I)-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2017-01-02, 56 (1): 346–349 [2021-03-09]. doi:10.1002/anie.201609715 （英语）. 

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