单组元推进剂

单组元推进剂[1]是由通过放热化学分解来释放能量的化学物质组成的推进剂。单组元推进剂的分子键能通常通过使用催化剂来释放。这可以与双组元推进剂相比，双组元推进剂通过氧化剂和燃料之间的化学反应释放能量。虽然单组元推进剂在规定的储存条件下是稳定的，但在其他条件下，单组元推进剂的分解非常迅速，产生大量自身的含能量（热量）气体，以完成机械功。虽然固体爆燃剂，如硝化纤维，是热兵器中最常用的推进剂，可以被认为是单组元推进剂，但在工程文献中这个术语通常是指一种液体。[2]

用途

单组元推进剂[3]最常见的用途是用于低脉冲单基火箭发动机[4] ，例如RCS，通常的推进剂是肼[5] [6] ，它通常会因暴露于铱[7]而分解[8]催化剂床（肼预热以保持反应物液体）。这种分解会产生所需的热气射流，从而产生推力。过氧化氢[9]已被用作德国二战V-2和美国红石火箭等火箭的推进剂罐泵的动力源。 [10]过氧化氢通过铂催化剂网，或与二氧化锰浸渍陶瓷珠接触，或与Z-Stoff高锰酸盐溶液共注入，使过氧化氢分解为热蒸汽和氧气。

参考文献

  1. ^ Sybil P. Parker. McGraw-Hill dictionary of scientific and technical terms 6. McGraw-Hill. 2003: 1370. ISBN 978-0-07-042313-8. A rocket propellant consisting of a single substance, especially a liquid, capable of creating rocket thrust without the addition of a second substance. 
  2. ^ Vere, Ray. Aviation Fuels Technology. Macmillan Education UK. 1985: 223. ISBN 9781349069040. 
  3. ^ RAND Corporation. Space handbook: astronautics and its applications (技术报告). United States Government Printing Office: 42–46. 1959 [2022-07-20]. 86. （原始内容存档于2021-04-22）. 
  4. ^ Resources. Rocket Motor Components, Inc. （原始内容存档于January 14, 2012）. 
  5. ^ [1] 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期September 28, 2009，.
  6. ^ Sutton 1992, p. 230
  7. ^ Aerojet Bipropellant Engine Sets New Performance Record. Aerojet Rocketdyne. December 8, 2008 [July 13, 2014]. （原始内容存档于March 7, 2017）. 
  8. ^ Sutton 1992, pp. 307—309
  9. ^ RAND Corporation. Space handbook: astronautics and its applications (技术报告). United States Government Printing Office: 31–41. 1959 [2022-07-20]. 86. （原始内容存档于2016-08-26）. 
  10. ^ Sutton 1992, ch. 7.

Read other articles:

Groß Raden Archaeological Open Air Museum

Museum in Germany Map of the Groß Raden Open air Museum Groß Raden Archaeological Open Air Museumclass=notpageimage| Groß Raden Archaeological Open Air Museum Reconstruction of the site Slavic temple The Groß Raden Archaeological Open Air Museum (German: Archäologische Freilichtmuseum Groß Raden) lies a few kilometres north of the small town of Sternberg and about a kilometre northeast of the village of Groß Raden in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The site is in a depressi...

 

 

Boehmit

BoehmiteBöhmit Natrolit dari Sagåsen (Strandåsen), Mørje, Porsgrunn, Telemark, NorwegiaUmumKategoriMineral oksidaRumus(unit berulang)γ-AlO(OH)Klasifikasi Strunz4.FE.15Klasifikasi Dana6.1.2.1Sistem kristalOrtorhombikKelas kristalDipiramidal (mmm) Lambang H-M: (2/m 2/m 2/m)Grup ruangAmamSel unita = 3.693 Å, b = 12.221 Å, c = 2.865 Å; Z = 4IdentifikasiKekerasan dalam skala Mohs3.5GoresPutihBerat jenis3.02 - 3.05Sifat optikBiaksial (+)Indeks biasnα = 1.644 - 1.64...

 

 

Achelata

AchelataRentang fosil: Upper Jurassic – Recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Larva Phyllosoma yang merupakan ciri khas dari Achelata (gambar dibuat oleh Ernst Haeckel) Klasifikasi ilmiah Domain: Eukaryota Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Arthropoda Subfilum: Crustacea Kelas: Malacostraca Ordo: Decapoda Subordo: Pleocyemata Infraordo: AchelataScholtz & Richter, 1995 Famili[1] Palinuridae (termasuk juga Synaxidae) Scyllaridae Cancrinidae (punah) Tricarinidae (punah) Achelata adalah sala...

Farmer's Daughter (album)

Farmer's DaughterAlbum studio karya Crystal BowersoxDirilis14 Desember 2010 (2010-12-14)DirekamJuni-Oktober, 2010GenreFolk rock, countryDurasi42:34LabelJive, 19ProduserDavid BendethKronologi Crystal Bowersox Farmer's Daughter(2010) Singel dalam album Farmer's Daughter Farmer's DaughterDirilis: 13 Desember 2010 String Module Error: Match not foundString Module Error: Match not found Farmer's Daughter adalah album debut juara kedua American Idol musim kesembilan, Crystal Bowersox. ...

 

 

Sandia Pueblo

Federally recognized Indian tribe of the United States Sandia PuebloSandia Pueblo flagLocation of Sandia PuebloTotal population500–600Regions with significant populations USA ( New Mexico)LanguagesTiwa, English, SpanishReligionRoman Catholicism, traditional Pueblo religionRelated ethnic groupsother Pueblo peoples, Kiowa people Sandia Pueblo (/sænˈdiːə/; Tiwa: Tuf Shur Tia) is a federally recognized tribe of Native American Pueblo people inhabiting a 101-square-kilometre (40...

 

 

Father Le Loutre's War

Colonial war between Britain and France Father Le Loutre's WarMap of Acadia, c. 1743. The conflict was primarily fought in Acadia.Date21 June 1749 – 16 June 1755LocationAcadia and Nova ScotiaResult British victoryBelligerents  France  New France Acadian militia Wabanaki Confederacy Mi'kmaq militia Maliseet militia  Great Britain British AmericaCommanders and leaders Father Jean-Louis Le Loutre Father Pierre Maillard Father Charles Germain[1] Father Henri Daudin&...

List of Philadelphia Flyers general managers

Daniel Briere is the Flyers current general manager. The Philadelphia Flyers are a professional ice hockey team based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are members of the Metropolitan Division of the National Hockey League's (NHL) Eastern Conference.[1] The Flyers were founded in 1967 as one of six expansion teams, increasing the size of the NHL at that time to twelve teams.[2] Since the franchise was established, the team has had ten general managers,[3] including ...

 

 

Sociedades Reunidas de Fabricações Metálicas

Sociedades Reunidas de Fabricações MetálicasSOREFAMELogo Stato Portogallo Forma societariaSocietà a responsabilità limitata Fondazione1943 Fondata daÂngelo Fortes Chiusura2001 Sede principaleAmadora Settoreidromeccanica, ferroviaria Prodotticomponenti per centrali idroelettriche, rotabili ferroviari Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Sociedades Reunidas de Fabricações Metálicas (nota anche con l'acronimo SOREFAME) era una società a responsabilità limitata del Portogallo...

 

 

طواف إسبانيا 2000

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) طواف إسبانيا 2000 التاريخ 26 أغسطس - 17 سبتمبر التاريخ بداية:26 أغسطس 2000  نهاية:17 سبتمبر 2000  عدد المراحل 21 �...

List of electoral wards in West Yorkshire

This list is complete and up to date as of May 2018. This is a list of electoral divisions and wards in the ceremonial county of West Yorkshire in Yorkshire and the Humber. All changes since the re-organisation of local government following the passing of the Local Government Act 1972 are shown. The number of councillors elected for each electoral division or ward is shown in brackets. District councils Bradford Wards from 1 April 1974 (first election 10 May 1973) to 1 May 1980:[1] W...

 

 

André Mallarmé

French politician André Mallarmé André Mallarmé (6 August 1877 – 8 April 1956) was a French politician. Mallarmé was born in Bouzaréah, Algeria. He represented the Republican-Socialist Party from 1924 to 1928 and the Independent Radicals from 1928 to 1939 in the Chamber of Deputies. He was Senator from 1939 to 1940. He was Minister of Posts, Telegraphs and Telephones in 1930 and 1934 and Minister of National Education from 1934 to 1935. On 10 July 1940, Mallarmé voted in favour of gr...

 

 

Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya

IAIN Palangka RayaIAIN Palangka RayaLogo IAIN Palangka RayaLogo IAIN Palangka RayaMotoTerdepan, Unggul, Terpercaya dan BerkarakterJenisPerguruan tinggi Islam negeri di IndonesiaDidirikan21 Maret 1997 17 Oktober 2014 (perubahan dari STAIN menjadi IAIN)Lembaga indukKementerian Agama Republik IndonesiaAfiliasiIslamRektorProf. Dr. Ahmad Dakhoir, S.H.I, M.H.I.AlamatJl. G.Obos Komplek Islamic Center, Palangka Raya, Kalimantan Tengah, IndonesiaSitus webhttp://www.iain-palangkaraya.ac.id Institut Aga...

آرون بوبندزا

آرون بوبندزا   معلومات شخصية الميلاد 7 أغسطس 1996 (العمر 27 سنة)مواندا  الطول 1.80 م (5 قدم 11 بوصة) مركز اللعب مهاجم الجنسية الغابون  معلومات النادي النادي الحالي نادي الشباب الرقم 9 مسيرة الشباب سنوات فريق –2015 سي إف مونانا المسيرة الاحترافية1 سنوات فريق م. (هـ.) 2015–2...

 

 

Economic history of Taiwan

Taipei, the capital city and financial centre of Taiwan GDP per capita development in Taiwan. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Economic history of Taiwan – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Part of a series on the History o...

 

 

Actuary

Analyst of business risk and uncertainty ActuaryDamage from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Actuaries need to estimate long-term levels of such damage in order to accurately price property insurance, set appropriate reserves, and design appropriate reinsurance and capital management strategies.OccupationNamesActuaryOccupation typeProfessionstatisticianmathematicianActivity sectorsInsurancereinsurancepension planssocial welfare programsDescriptionCompetenciesMathematicsstatisticsfinanceanalytical s...

Rebbe

Orthodox rabbinic title, especially in Hasidism This article is about the social functions of Hasidic leadership. For the Hasidic theory of leadership, see Tzadik. For Menachem Mendel Schneerson (commonly referred to as The Rebbe), see Menachem Mendel Schneerson. For other uses, see Rebbe (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Rabbi. Rabbi Yisroel Hopstein of Kozienice Part of a series onJudaism   Movements Orthodox Haredi Hasidic Modern Conservative Conservadox Reform Karaite Re...

 

 

تجمع دحليات (رماة)

تجمع دحليات  - قرية -  تقسيم إداري البلد  اليمن المحافظة محافظة حضرموت المديرية مديرية رماة العزلة عزلة رماة السكان التعداد السكاني 2004 السكان 37   • الذكور 19   • الإناث 18   • عدد الأسر 4   • عدد المساكن 4 معلومات أخرى التوقيت توقيت اليمن (+3 غرينيتش) تعديل ...

 

 

عملية السلام الليبية

عملية السلام الليبية هي سلسلة من الاجتماعات والاتفاقات والإجراءات التي تهدف إلى حل الحرب الأهلية الليبية الثانية. ومن بين هذه الخطط اتفاق الصخيرات في ديسمبر 2015،[1] وخطط المؤتمر الوطني الليبي في أبريل 2019[2] الذي تم تأجيله بسبب هجوم غرب ليبيا 2019–20، وخطة غسان سلامة لل...

John C. Slater

American physicist (1900–1976) For other people named John Slater, see John Slater (disambiguation). John C. SlaterSlater in 1952BornJohn Clarke Slater(1900-12-22)December 22, 1900Oak Park, Illinois, U.S.DiedJuly 25, 1976(1976-07-25) (aged 75)Sanibel Island, Florida, U.S.Alma mater University of Rochester (BS) Harvard University (PhD) Known for Slater-type orbitals Slater determinants Slater's rules Slater–Condon rules Slater–Pauling rule Slater integrals Slater-Koster mo...

 

 

Navy Board

Organisation of the Royal Navy between 1546 and 1832 For the modern day organisation of the same name, see Navy Board (1964–present). The Navy Board (1546–1832)The Flag of the Navy Board in 1832Board overviewFormed24 April 1546Preceding BoardCouncil of the MarineDissolved1 June 1832Jurisdiction  Kingdom of England (1546-1707)  Great Britain (1707–1801) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1832) HeadquartersNavy OfficeBoard executiveLieutenant of the AdmiraltyTre...