华光礁(英语:Discovery Reef[1])位于南中国海西沙群岛西部永乐群岛中,盘石屿以北7海里,永乐环礁南面约10海里处。珊瑚环礁东西延伸16海里,南北跨5海里多。低潮时出露海面。环形礁堤合围潟湖,环礁有豁口连接外海。1935年公布名称为“觅出礁”。1947年和1983年公布名称为“华光岛”,寓意“中华之光”[2]。中国渔民称其为“大筐”、“大圈”、“大塘”[3]。
1996年中国渔民在潜水捕鱼时发现在华光礁礁盘内侧一艘古沉船,该船被命名为“华光礁1号”,经水下考古发掘,确定为南宋沉船,共出水近万件文物,以瓷器为主,陶瓷产地主要为福建和江西景德镇。[4]。
DISCOVERY SHOAL, or REEF, extends from the West end, in lat. 16°11'N., lon.of 111°32 1/2 E., about E. by N. 5 1/4 leagues, its eastern extremity being in lat. 16°16' N., lon. 111° 46 1/2' E. This long and dangerous reef, is of the shape of an extended oval, with an opening of 1 cable's length on its South side, having in it overfalls from 2 to 20 fathoms; and there is a small opening on the North side. There are no soundings about 20 yards from the reef, and scarcely 2 fathoms water over any part of it, with many spiral rocks a few feet above the water's edge. The Hainan boats come here to fish, from January to May. [5]
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《探索·发现》:“华光礁一号”沉船考古纪实(页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
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