^Claude Cahen. Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history c. 1071-1330. Taplinger. 1968年: 第120–121頁. ISBN 159740456X(英语).
^Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history c. 1071-1330,第121頁
^ 4.04.1Anthony Bryer and Richard Winfield. The Byzantine Monuments and Topography of the Pontos. 第1冊. Dumbarton Oaks. 1985年: 第71–72頁 (英语).
^Pre-Ottoman Turkey: A general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history c. 1071-1330,第123頁