克里斯托弗·博姆

克里斯托弗·博姆
出生1931年 编辑维基数据
逝世2021年11月23日 编辑维基数据
母校
职业人类学家 编辑维基数据
奖项古根海姆獎 编辑维基数据

克里斯托弗·博姆（Christopher Boehm；1931年—2021年11月23日），是美国文化人类学家，主修灵长类动物学，研究冲突解决、利他主义、道德演化、世仇以及战争。博姆还是南加州大学珍古德研究中心主任；该珍古德研究中心致力于研究全球狩猎采集者的社会道德行为。 [1] 2021年11月23日，博姆去世，享年90岁。[2]

學術成就

博姆針對纳瓦霍人、莫拉查河上游部落 [3]，以及野生黑猩猩等灵长类动物，進行田野調查，关注演化學上的道德问题。

在分析了全球的48个人类社会后，从小型狩猎和采集部落到定居的酋邦，博姆提出，人类社会可能驯化动植物之前，先馴化自己，實踐平等主义，且非常成功。 [4]

博姆确定以下机制有助确保他所谓的“反支配階級制度”（Reverse Dominance Hierarchy）：公众舆论、批评嘲笑、不服从和极端制裁。該制度的其他特性，包括对統治者的矛盾心理，和对统治的预期。 [5]

作品

參見

参考

  1. ^ Faculty Profile > USC Dana and David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences. dornsife.usc.edu. [2015-08-12]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-25）. 
  2. ^ Crable, Margaret. Anthropologist Christopher Boehm explored human conflict and moral origins. University of Southern California. March 4, 2022 [June 27, 2022]. （原始内容存档于2023-04-14）. 
  3. ^ "usc"Mountain Serbs in Montenegro. [2022-01-13]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-13）. 
  4. ^ Boehm, Christopher. Egalitarian Behavior and Reverse Dominance Hierarchy. Current Anthropology. 1993, 34 (3): 227–254. S2CID 28795296. doi:10.1086/204166. 
  5. ^ Boehm, Christopher. Egalitarian Behavior and Reverse Dominance Hierarchy. Current Anthropology. 1993, 34 (3): 227–254. S2CID 28795296. doi:10.1086/204166. 

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