Toàn ánh

Hàm số từ tập hợp đến tập hợp được gọi là toàn ánh nếu như với mọi phần tử thuộc ta luôn tìm được ít nhất một phần tử thuộc sao cho . Theo ngôn ngữ ánh xạ thì điều kiện này nghĩa là mỗi phần tử thuộc đều là ảnh của ít nhất một phần tử thuộc qua ánh xạ .

Dưới dạng công thức toán học, hàm số là toàn ánh khi và chỉ khi

hay nói cách khác .

Một cách trực quan, điều kiện trên tương đương với việc đồ thị hàm cắt đường thẳng tại mọi .

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