Yakut mutfağı

Yakut veya Saha mutfağı (Yakutça: Саха аһа), Yakutların geleneksel yemek pişirme tekniklerini ve mutfak sanatlarını kapsar. Mutfak, bölgenin kuzey iklimi ve Yakut halkının geleneksel pastoral yaşam tarzının yanı sıra Rus mutfağından da etkilenmiştir. Yakut mutfağı genellikle büyük ölçüde süt, et, balık ve toplayıcılık ürünlerine dayanır.

Et ve süt yemekleri

Stroganina, popüler bir yakut yemeğidir.

En tanınmış Yakut yemeklerinden biri ince, çiğ ve dondurulmuş balık dilimlerinden yapılan stroganinadır. Ancak, stroganina tay eti ve karaciğer kullanılarak da yapılır.[1] Bu yemek, şişeden konulan bir baharatla baharatlanarak yenilir. Bir başka sevilen balık yemeği, soğan, tuz, biber vb ile terbiyelenmiş dondurulmuş balık küplerinden oluşan indigirka olmaktadırdır.[2]

Haşlanmış ve tuzsuz olarak hazırlanan et lükstü ve genellikle ziyafetlere ayrılırdı. Sadece hasta hayvanlar kesilir ve genellikle törensel olarak tüketilirdi. Sevilen yemek, khaan ise at veya sığır kanı ve bağırsaklardan yapılan bir tür kan sosisi yemeğidir.[3]

İnekler sadece yaz başında sağılabilse de, süt ürünleri tarihsel olarak Yakutların tükettiği gıdaların en önemli bölümünü oluşturuyordu. Yakutlar, sütü içmenin yanında, tereyağı, lor, kımız ve suorat adlı kalın bir yoğurt yapmak için de kullanırdı.[4]

İçecekler

Yakutlarda kımız ve vodka yaygın olarak içilir.

Tatlılar

Kierchekh sevilen bir yakut tatlısıdır.

En sevilen tatlılardan birisi, sütün de eklenebileceği krem, çilek ve şekerden yapılan tatlı bir yemek olan kierchekh'dir.

Toplayıcılık

Yakutlar toplayıcılık yaparak elde ettikleri yiyeceklere de bağımlı yaşamıştır. Halk, geleneksel olarak, öğütülmüş çam tahtasının süt ile karıştırılmasıyla oluşan bir tür un tüketmiştir. Kadınlar yabani soğan, çilek, yabani sarımsak, zambak ve çeşitli kökleri toplardı.[5]

Rus sömürgeciliği beraberinde ekmek, şeker, çay, votka ve tarımı yapılan tahıllar da Yakut mutfağına girdi.[6] Mantarlar, daha önce sadece halüsinojenik amaçlar için kullanılmış olmakla birlikte, Rusların gelmesinden sonra yiyecek olarak tüketilmeye başlanmıştır.[7]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "Traditional Yakut dishes: From tongue to tail". 27 Mart 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 28 Mart 2020. 
  2. ^ "INDIGIRKA SALAD". Russia Travel. 28 Mart 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 28 Mart 2020. 
  3. ^ "Traditional Yakut dishes: From tongue to tail". 27 Mart 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 28 Mart 2020. 
  4. ^ Jordan, Bella Bychkova; Jordan-Bychkov, Terry G. (2000). Siberian Village: Land and Life in the Sakha Republic. University Of Minnesota Press. s. 48. ISBN 978-0816635696. 
  5. ^ Jordan, Bella Bychkova; Jordan-Bychkov, Terry G. (2000). Siberian Village: Land and Life in the Sakha Republic. University Of Minnesota Press. s. 54-55. ISBN 978-0816635696. 
  6. ^ Jordan, Bella Bychkova; Jordan-Bychkov, Terry G. (2000). Siberian Village: Land and Life in the Sakha Republic. University Of Minnesota Press. s. 39. ISBN 978-0816635696. 
  7. ^ Jordan, Bella Bychkova; Jordan-Bychkov, Terry G. (2000). Siberian Village: Land and Life in the Sakha Republic. University Of Minnesota Press. s. 35. ISBN 978-0816635696. 

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