Türkiye'deki asliye hukuk mahkemeleri

Türkiye'deki asliye hukuk mahkemeleri, Türkiye'de adli yargı kolunun içinde yer alan hukuk mahkemelerinden biridir. Sulh hukuk mahkemeleriyle birlikte temel hukuk mahkemelerini oluştururlar. Her iki hukuk mahkemesi de bulundukları il veya ilçenin adı ile adlandırılır.

Türkiye'deki asliye hukuk mahkemelerinde, sulh hukuk mahkemelerine oranla dava konusu şeyin değeri ya da miktarı daha fazla olan davalar görülür.[1] Her ilde ve ilçe merkezinde kurulmakla birlikte ihtiyaç sayısına göre birden fazla kurularak numaralandırılabilirler.[2] (Ankara 1. Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi, Beyoğlu 2. Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi gibi.) HMK madde 2'ye göre dava konusunun değer ve miktarına bakılmaksızın malvarlığı haklarına ilişkin davalarla, şahıs varlığına ilişkin davalarda görevli mahkeme, aksine bir düzenleme bulunmadıkça asliye hukuk mahkemesidir. Dava konusu ticari ise değeri ne olursa olsun dava asliye ticaret mahkemelerinde görülür ancak ihtisas mahkemesi sayılan Ticaret mahkemelerinin olmadığı yerlerde asliye hukuk mahkemeleri görevlidir ve bu mahkemenin görevlerini yerine getirir.

Asliye hukuk mahkemeleri, diğer hukuk mahkemelerinin görev alanına girmeyen hukuk davalarının görüldüğü mahkemelerdir. Adli yargının "asıl" hukuk mahkemeleri niteliğindedir. Aile mahkemesi olmayan yerlerde asliye hukuk mahkemeleri bu mahkemenin görevini de yapar. Medeni Kanun ve Borçlar Kanunu dışında, Kamulaştırma Kanunu, 3533 sayılı kanun, Hukuk Usulü Yargılamaları Kanunu, Kooperatifler Kanunu'nda asliye hukuk mahkemelerinin göreceği bir kısım işler düzenlenmiştir.[3]

2007 yılında Türkiye'deki asliye ve sulh hukuk mahkemelerinin iş yükü.[4]
2007 Asliye hukuk mahkemesi Sulh hukuk mahkemesi
2007 gelen iş 642344 789116
2008'e devreden iş 291459 190275
Ortalama yargılama süresi (gün) 289 108

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Adli Yargı İlk Derece Mahkemeleri ile Bölge Adliye Mahkemelerinin Kuruluş, Görev ve Yetkileri Hakkında Kanun 26 Haziran 2009 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., Madde 6
  2. ^ Adli Yargı İlk Derece Mahkemeleri ile Bölge Adliye Mahkemelerinin Kuruluş, Görev ve Yetkileri Hakkında Kanun 26 Haziran 2009 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi., Madde 5
  3. ^ ÖZKAN, Hasan. Asliye Hukuk Davaları ve Tatbikatı Cilt 1. Seçkin Yayınevi, 1999 ISBN 9753472196
  4. ^ "Hukuk mahkemelerindeki iş yükünün mahkemelere göre dağılımı" (PDF). 18 Temmuz 2009 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 29 Nisan 2009. 

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