Perde (müzik)

Perde, bir müzik parçasını oluşturan seslerden her birinin kalınlık veya incelik derecesi.[1] Perde, bir notanın frekans değeriyle ilişkilidir.[2] Bu nedenle zaman zaman perde ve nota sözcükleri eşanlamlı olarak kullanılır.[3][4] Perde sözcüğü aynı zamanda telli çalgılardaki fret kısmını belirtmek için de kullanılır.[1]

Müzikte perde, bir sesin, tüm ses yelpazesi (aralığı) üzerindeki konumunu belirtir. Bir sesin perdesi, o sesi oluşturan ses dalgalarının titreşimlerinin frekansına bağlıdır.[2] Örneğin; 880 Hz'lik bir ses yüksek perdeli, 55 Hz'lik bir ses alçak perdeli kabul edilir.[2] Günümüz Batı müziğinde genellikle C' üzerindeki A' notası referans kabul edilir. A' notasının perdesi 440 Hz'dir. Bu değer tarih boyunca değişikliklere uğramış, Avrupa genelinde perdelerin gitgide yükselmesi nedeniyle 1939'da standart hâle getirilmiştir.[2]

İnsan sesinde perde

İnsan sesi, nefes alıp-verme esnasında akciğerlerden gelen havanın, ses tellerini titreştirmesi sonucu oluşur. Bu titreşimlerin frekansı, sesin perdesini belirler.[5] Kadınlarda ve çocuklarda ses telleri kısa ve incedir. Bu nedenle kadın ve çocuk sesleri erkeklere nazaran daha yüksek perdedendir.[5]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ a b "perde." Büyük Türkçe Sözlük. Türk Dil Kurumu. Erişim: 19 Mart 2014
  2. ^ a b c d "pitch." 15 Aralık 2013 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. Britannica.com. Erişim: 19 Mart 2014
  3. ^ Perde porte ve anahtar 20 Mart 2014 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. Turksanatmuzigi.org. Erişim: 19 Mart 2014
  4. ^ Ton, nota ve perde arasındaki farklar 20 Mart 2014 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. music.stackexchange.com. Erişim: 19 Mart 2014
  5. ^ a b "vocal cord." 16 Mart 2014 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. Britannica.com. Erişim: 16 Mart 2014

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