Karaca Dağ

Başlığın diğer anlamları için Karacadağ sayfasına bakınız.
Karaca Dağ
Karaca Dağ'daki kayalıklardan bir görünüm
Harita
En yüksek noktası
Yükseklik1.952 m (6.404 ft)
ListelenmeUltra zirve
Koordinatlar37°42′41″K 39°49′45″D / 37.71139°K 39.82917°D / 37.71139; 39.82917
Jeoloji
Dağ türüKalkan yanardağlar
Son patlamaBilinmiyor [1]
Türkiye üzerinde Karaca Dağ
Karaca Dağ
Türkiye' deki konumu

Karaca Dağ, Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinin yaklaşık olarak ortasında, Diyarbakır havzası ile Şanlıurfa Platosunu kuzey-güney doğrultusunda ayıran sönmüş yanardağ. En yüksek yeri 1952 m'dir. Karacadağ volkanı akışkan lavların oluşturduğu kalkan yanardağ yapısındadır.120 km çapa, 8000 km²'lik alana sahiptir. %2 gibi oldukça düşük yamaç eğimine sahiptir. Bazaltik lavlardan oluşur. Püskürmeler üç farklı dönemde olmuştur.[2] Karacadağ; Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa ve Mardin illerinin topraklarına yayılır.

Volkan üst miyosende faaliyete başlamış, zamanımızdan 100.000 yıl öncesine kadar lav püskürtmüştür.[3] Karacadağ'ın oluşmasında Arap levhasının Anadolu Levhasına yaptığı baskı temel nedendir.[4] Dağın Diyarbakır'a bakan kısmı incede olsa toprak bulunduğundan tarıma uygun, diğer alanları irice taşlı olduğunda tarıma uygun değildir. Dağ yoğun olarak hayvan otlatmada kullanılmaktadır.

Karacadağ çevresindeki step iklimi hakimdir. Yazlar sıcak ve kuraktır. Kışlar soğuk ve yağışlıdır, en faza yağış kışın düşer. En çok yağışın kışın, en az yağışın yazın olduğu Akdeniz yağış rejimi etkilidir. Yakın yıllara kadar üzerinde ormanlar daha fazla iken günümüzde ancak kuytu alanlarda kalmıştır. Meşe, Çitlembik, Alıç, Menengiç, Ahlat, Dişbudak arazide görülen ağaç türleridir.1400 m yüksekliğinden sonra ağaç türleri görülemez, geven ve pişik geveni ortamı kaplar.[5] Karacadağ'ın üzerinde ışınsal doğrultuda yazları kuruyan dereler yer alır.[6]

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "Karacadağ Son Faaliyeti" (İngilizce). volcano.si.edu. 25 Temmuz 2015 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 3 Mart 2014. 
  2. ^ "Arşivlenmiş kopya" (PDF). 15 Şubat 2019 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 28 Şubat 2014. 
  3. ^ "TMMOB Diyarbakır Kent Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı" (PDF). TMMOB Diyarbakır İl Koordinasyon Kurulu. 24 Nisan 2009. 3 Mart 2014 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 3 Mart 2014. 
  4. ^ "GAP2 Mühendislik Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı" (PDF). harran.edu.tr. 21 Mayıs 1998. 1 Mart 2014 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 3 Mart 2014. 
  5. ^ Ertekin, Selçuk (Şubat 2002). "Karacadağ Bitki Çeşitliliği" (PDF). surkal.org.tr. 24 Ocak 2013 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 3 Mart 2014. 
  6. ^ "Türkiye'deki Volkanik Yüzey Şekilleri e Oluşumları" (PDF). hacettepe.edu.tr. 5 Mart 2014 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 3 Mart 2014. 

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