Kapalı sistem

Kapalı sistem, çevresi ile etkileşimde bulunmayan bir sistemdir. Sistemin içerisine veya dışarısına madde alışverişi yapmayan sadece enerji alışverişi yapabilen sistem olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sistemin sadece iç işleyişi ile ilgili faktörler dikkate alınıp dış faktörler yok sayılır, analiz ve kararlarda dikkate alınmaz.

Organizasyonel bağlamda kapalı sistem

Eğer bir organizasyon incelenirken sadece bu organizasyonun yapı ve fonksiyonlarından söz ediliyor, fakat dış çevreden söz edilmiyorsa, organizasyon ile ilgili konulara kapalı bir sistem açısından bakılıyor demektir.

Mühendislik alanında kapalı sistem

Mühendislik alanında kapalı sistem, sınırlı bir sistem olarak tanımlanmakta olup, her bir girdi veya çıktının belirli bir zaman aralığında beklenen bir değeri mevcuttur.

Kimyada kapalı sistem

Kimyada ise kapalı sistemler; reaksiyona giren veya çıkan maddelerde bir kaybın olmaması, sadece ısı alışverişinin yaşanması anlamına gelir. Isının belirleyici bir faktör olmadığı kimyasal deneylerde kullanılabilir.

Fizikte kapalı sistem

Fizikte kapalı sistem, madde alışverişi yapmayıp, yalnızca enerji alışverişi yapan sistemlerdir.

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