Hint-İskitler

Hint-İskitler
y. MÖ 150-MS 400
Hint-İskitlerin Haritası
Hint-İskitlerin Haritası
BaşkentTaxila
Mathura
Yaygın dil(ler)Sakaca
Koini Grekçesi
Pali
Sanskrit
Prakrit (Brahmi alfabesi)
HükûmetMonarşi
Kral 
• MÖ 85-60
Maues
• MS 10
Hajatria
Tarihî dönemAntik Çağ
• Kuruluşu
y. MÖ 150
• Dağılışı
MS 400
Yüzölçümü
202.600.000 km2
Öncüller
Ardıllar
Grek-Baktriya Krallığı
Hint-Grek Krallığı
Maurya İmparatorluğu
Kuşan İmparatorluğu
Sasani İmparatorluğu
Gupta İmparatorluğu

Hint İskitler, M.Ö. 2. yüzyılın ortalarından MS 4. yüzyıla kadar batı ve kuzey Güney Asya'ya (Soğdiana, Baktriya, Sindh, Keşmir, Pencap, Haryana, Uttar Pradeş, Bihar, Racastan, Gucerat ve Maharaştra) doğru göç etmiş bir grup göçebe Saka ve İskit kökenli İrani halktır.

Tarihçe

Güney Asya'daki ilk Saka kralı, MÖ 1. yüzyılda Gandhara ve İndus Vadisi'nde Saka yönetimi kuran Maues/Moga'dır. Hint-İskitler kuzeybatı Hindistan üzerindeki üstünlüklerini Hint-Grek Krallığı'nı ve diğer yerel krallıkları fethederek genişletmiştir. Halk, Kuşan İmparatorluğu tarafından yenilmiş ve boyun eğdirilmiştir.[1] Buna rağmen Sakalar, Kuzey Satraplıkları ve Batı Satraplıkları'nın oluşturduğu satraplıkları yönetmeye devam etmiştir.[2]

Saka yöneticilerinin gücü, Hint-İskitlerin Satavahana imparatoru Gautamiputra Satakarni tarafından yenilmesinden sonra, 2. yüzyılda azalmaya başladı.[3][4] Kuzeybatı Hint Yarımadası'ndaki Hint-İskit yönetimi, son Batı Satrapı III. Rudrasimha'nın MS 395'te Gupta imparatoru II. Çandragupta tarafından mağlup edilmesiyle sona erdi.[5][6]

Hint Yarımadası'nın kuzey bölgelerinin Orta Asya'dan gelmiş İskit kabileleri tarafından istilası, Hint altkıtası tarihinin yanı sıra yakındaki ülkeler için de önemli bir rol oynamıştır.

Arrian[7] ve Batlamyus'un da dahil olduğu Antik Roma tarihçileri, Sakaların ('Sakai') göçebe insanlar olduğunu söylemiştir.[8] Bununla birlikte, Italo Ronca, Batlamyus'un VI bölümünü inceleyen çalışmasında, “Sakai ülkesi göçebelere aittir, kasabaları yoktur ama ormanlarda ve mağaralarda yaşarlar” bölümünün sahte ve güvenilmez olduğunu belirtmiştir.[9]

Galeri

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Kharapallana and Vanaspara are known from an inscription discovered in Sarnath, and dated to the 3rd year of Kanishka, in which they were paying allegiance to the Kushanas. Source: "A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Museum. Andhras etc." Rapson, p ciii
  2. ^ "The titles "Kshatrap" and "Mahakshatrapa" certainly show that the Western Kshatrapas were originally feudatories" in Rapson, "Coins of the British Museum", p.cv
  3. ^ World history from early times to A D 2000 by B .V. Rao: p.97
  4. ^ A Brief History of India, by Alain Daniélou p.136
  5. ^ India in a Globalised World, by Sagarika Dutt p.24
  6. ^ Ancient India, by Ramesh Chandra Majumdar p. 234
  7. ^ "Arrian: Anabasis Alexandri: Book VIII (Indica); Section V". Ancient History Sourcebooks. Fordham University. 2 Mart 2019 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 21 Ocak 2019. 
  8. ^ Batlamyus vi, xiii (1932), p. 143.
  9. ^ Ronca (1971), pp. 39, 102, 108.
  10. ^ "In Nagarjunakonda Scythian influence is noticed and the cap and coat of a soldier on a pillar may be cited as an example.", in Arşivlenmiş kopya. 16 Şubat 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 15 Eylül 2019. 
  11. ^ "A Scythian dvarapala standing wearing his typical draperies, boots and head dress. Distinct ethnic and sartorial characteristics are noteworthy.", in Arşivlenmiş kopya. 15 Şubat 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 15 Eylül 2019. 

Dış bağlantılar

Read other articles:

Artikel bermasalah Ini adalah artikel yang memenuhi kriteria penghapusan cepat artikel tentang orang, hewan individu, organisasi (grup musik, klub, perusahaan, dll.), konten web, atau peristiwa yang terselenggara yang tidak mengindikasikan kepentingan subjeknya. Lihat KPC A7.%5B%5BWP%3ACSD%23A7%7CA7%5D%5D%3A+Artikel+yang+tidak+dapat+memberikan+klaim+kepentingan+subjekA7 Jika artikel ini tidak memenuhi syarat KPC, atau Anda ingin memperbaikinya, silakan hapus pemberitahuan ini, tetapi...

 

Économie de la Lettonie Le marché central de Riga, plus grand marché d'Europe. Monnaie Euro Année fiscale calendaire Organisations internationales UE et OMC Statistiques Produit intérieur brut (parité nominale) 30,38 milliards $ (2013) Produit intérieur brut en PPA 38,87 milliards $ (2013) Rang pour le PIB en PPA 109e Croissance du PIB 4 % (2013) PIB par habitant en PPA 19,100 $ (2013) PIB par secteur agriculture : 4,9 % (2013)industrie : 25,7 % (2013)services...

 

Radio station in Muenster, TexasKZZAMuenster, TexasBroadcast areaNorthern sections of the Dallas-Fort Worth MetroplexFrequency106.7 MHzBrandingLa Ranchera 106.7 FMProgrammingLanguage(s)SpanishFormatRegional MexicanOwnershipOwnerEstrella Media(Estrella Radio License of Dallas LLC)Sister stationsKBOC, KNORHistoryFirst air dateSeptember 9, 1990 (as KXGM at 106.5)Former call signsKXGM (1990-2002)KKDL (2002-2005)Former frequencies106.5 MHz (1990-2002)Call sign meaningKZZA = Casa (previous format)T...

Radio station in Galena, IllinoisWDBQ-FMGalena, IllinoisBroadcast areaDubuque, Iowa and VicinityFrequency107.5 MHzBrandingQ107.5ProgrammingFormatClassic hitsAffiliationsCompass Media NetworksPremiere NetworksWestwood OneOwnershipOwnerTownsquare Media(Townsquare License, LLC)Sister stationsKLYV, KXGE, WDBQ, WJODHistoryFirst air date1989 (1989) (as WJOD)Former call signsWJOD (1988-1999)Call sign meaningDubuqueTechnical information[1]Licensing authorityFCCFacility ID30617ClassAERP6,...

 

British aircraft manufacturer, 1913–1920 Sopwith Aviation & Engineering Company LimitedFormerlySopwith Aviation CompanyIndustryAviationFounded15 December 1913FounderThomas SopwithDefunct16 September 1920FateCeased tradingSuccessorH.G. Hawker EngineeringHeadquartersKingston-on-Thames, UKProductsAircraftNumber of employees5,000 The Sopwith Aviation Company was a British aircraft company that designed and manufactured aeroplanes mainly for the British Royal Naval Air Service, the Royal Fly...

 

Indigenous Peoples Human Rights NGO Survival InternationalFounded1969; 55 years ago (1969)TypeInternational NGOFocusIndigenous rightsLocationLondon, EC1United KingdomArea served WorldwideMethodMedia attention, education, mass letter-writing, research, lobbyingKey peopleProfessor James Wood, Chair, Robin Hanbury-Tenison, President Caroline Pearce, DirectorRevenue £1,624,935 (2015)Award(s)Right Livelihood AwardWebsitewww.survivalinternational.org Part of a series onIndigenous...

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

 

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

 

American philosopher (1905–1987) James BurnhamBornNovember 22, 1905Chicago, Illinois, U.S.DiedJuly 28, 1987 (1987-07-29) (aged 81)Kent, Connecticut, U.S.Spouse Marcia Lightner ​(m. 1934)​RelativesDavid Burnham (brother)Academic backgroundEducationPrinceton UniversityBalliol College, OxfordInfluences Machiavelli Sorel Pareto Mosca Michels Marx Trotsky Academic workDisciplinePhilosophySub-disciplinePolitical philosophySchool or traditionTrotskyism (early...

Village in West Bengal, IndiaJunputVillageJunputLocation in West Bengal, IndiaShow map of West BengalJunputJunput (India)Show map of IndiaCoordinates: 21°43′29″N 87°48′43″E / 21.724767°N 87.811981°E / 21.724767; 87.811981Country IndiaStateWest BengalDistrictPurba MedinipurLanguages • OfficialBengali, EnglishTime zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)PIN721450 (Junput Sub Post Office)Lok Sabha constituencyKanthiVidhan Sabha constituencyKanthi UttarWebsitepurba...

 

Languages of ArgentinaSign in San Francisco, Córdoba in Spanish, Italian and PiedmonteseOfficialde facto SpanishIndigenousTupi-Guarani languages, Mataco–Guaicuru languages, Mapuche, Chaná, Quechua[1]VernacularRioplatense Spanish, Lunfardo, PortuñolMinorityItalian, English, German, Plautdietsch, Chinese, WelshForeignEnglishSignedArgentine Sign LanguageKeyboard layoutSpanish Latinamerican QWERTY Part of a series on theCulture of Argentina Society Argentines Ethnicity History ...

 

Inilah daftar raja dan ratu Denmark, artinya, mereka yang berkuasa di Denmark, termasuk Regent Uni Kalmar. Daftar ini mencakup Kerajaan Denmark (setelah tahun 1396) Kesatuan pribadi antara Denmark dan Norwegia (1380-1396) Uni Kalmar (1397-1536) Raja-raja Denmark mengklaim (dan kadang-kadang berhasil) Takhta Swedia (1397-1523) Raja-raja Denmark mengklaim (kebanyakan berhasil) Takhta Norwegia (1397-1536) Kerajaan Denmark-Norwegia (1536-1814) Kerajaan Denmark (1814 hingga sekarang) Termasuk Esla...

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Pelampung pancingan – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Pelampung pancingan adalah salah satu perangkat memancing yang berguna untuk membuat umpan pancing tidak tenggelam jauh ke bawah da...

 

Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Estudios Norteamericanos Tipo instituto universitario y organizaciónFundación 1987Sede central Colegio-convento de los Trinitarios Descalzos (Alcalá de Henares) (España)Coordenadas 40°28′50″N 3°21′51″O / 40.48062216169, -3.3640698725746Sitio web www.institutofranklin.net[editar datos en Wikidata] No debe confundirse con Franklin Institute. El Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Estudios Norteamerican...

 

هذه المقالة عن المجموعة العرقية الأتراك وليس عن من يحملون جنسية الجمهورية التركية أتراكTürkler (بالتركية) التعداد الكليالتعداد 70~83 مليون نسمةمناطق الوجود المميزةالبلد  القائمة ... تركياألمانياسورياالعراقبلغارياالولايات المتحدةفرنساالمملكة المتحدةهولنداالنمساأسترالي�...

ヨハネス12世 第130代 ローマ教皇 教皇就任 955年12月16日教皇離任 964年5月14日先代 アガペトゥス2世次代 レオ8世個人情報出生 937年スポレート公国(中部イタリア)スポレート死去 964年5月14日 教皇領、ローマ原国籍 スポレート公国親 父アルベリーコ2世(スポレート公)、母アルダその他のヨハネステンプレートを表示 ヨハネス12世(Ioannes XII、937年 - 964年5月14日)は、ロ...

 

.ne

.ne البلد النيجر  الموقع الموقع الرسمي  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   ne. هو نطاق إنترنت من صِنف مستوى النطاقات العُليا في ترميز الدول والمناطق، للمواقع التي تنتمي إلى النيجر.[1][2] مراجع ^ النطاق الأعلى في ترميز الدولة (بالإنجليزية). ORSN [الإنجليزية]. Archived from the original on 2019-05-07...

 

PitbullInformasi latar belakangNama lainMr. WorldwideLahir15 Januari 1981 (umur 43)Miami, Florida, Amerika SerikatGenreHip hop electro-hop pop dansa hip house reggaetonPekerjaanRapperPenyanyiPenulis musik Produser rekamanHost TVTahun aktif2003–SekarangLabelRCA, Polo Grounds, Mr. 305 Inc.Artis terkaitLil Jon, Nayer, Jennifer Lopez, Enrique Iglesias, Marc Anthony, ShakiraSitus webwww.pitbullmusic.com/us/home Armando Christian Pérez (lahir 15 Januari 1981), lebih dikenal dengan nama pang...

1980 studio album by WhitesnakeReady an' WillingStudio album by WhitesnakeReleased23 May 1980 (1980-05-23)RecordedDecember 1979February 1980StudioRidge Farm StudiosRusper & Central Recorders Studio & Sauna (London)GenreHard rockblues rockLength40:00LabelMirage/AtlanticPolydorUnited Artists/SunburstEMI (UK reissue)ProducerMartin BirchWhitesnake chronology Lovehunter(1979) Ready an' Willing(1980) Live...in the Heart of the City(1980) Singles from Ready an' Willin...

 

AltmarktLocalizzazioneStato Germania CittàDresda Codice postale01067 Informazioni generaliTipopiazza Superficie13 000 m² CollegamentiIntersezioniWilsdruffer Straße, Seestraße, Webergasse, Schreibergasse e An der Kreuzkirche Mappa Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Altmarkt è la piazza principale di Dresda. La piazza del mercato, progettata per la fondazione della città, fu menzionata per la prima volta nel 1370 come circulus.[1] In documenti successivi venne ind...