Harder bezi

Harder bezi, üçüncü gözkapağına sahip olan dört üyelilerin (sürüngenler, amfibiler, kuşlar ve memeliler) göz çukurunda bulunan bir bezdir.^[1]

Bez, tübüler veya tübüloalveolar olabilir ve salgıladığı sıvı hayvan gruplarına göre muköz, seröz ya da lipid olabilir. Bazı hayvanlarda üçüncü gözkapağının hareketini kolaylaştırıcı bir sıvıyı, gözyaşı bezine ek olarak salgılar. Araştırmalar sonucunda bu bezin, UV ışınlarına karşı koruma organı olma; bağışıklık tepkisi verme; termoregülasyon lipidlerinin, feromenlerin kaynağı olma ve osmoregülasyon yapma gibi çeşitli işlevleri olduğu da ortaya çıkarılmıştır.^[1] Memelilerde bu bezin salgıladığı yağlı sıvı madde hayvanın kürkünü temizlemek için kullanılır. Bu bezin varlığı ya da yokluğu, palaentologların memelilerin atalarında ne zaman kürklerin geliştiğini tespit etmeleri için önemli ipuçlarından biridir.^[2]

Harder bezi ilk olarak 1694 yılında İsviçreli anatomi bilgini Johann Jacob Harder tarafından tanımlanmıştır. Bulgularını Glandula nova lachrymalis una cum ductu excretorio in cervis et damis^[3] ("Kızıl ve alageyiklerde salgı kanalları da olan yeni bir gözyaşı bezi") yazısıyla kaydetmiştir.^[4]

Kaynakça

^ ^a ^b Payne, AP (1994). "The harderian gland: A tercentennial review". Journal of Anatomy. 185 (1). ss. 1-49. PMC 1166813 $2. PMID 7559104.
^ Ruben, J.A.; Jones, T.D. (2000). "Selective Factors Associated with the Origin of Fur and Feathers" (PDF). Amer. Zool. 40 (4). ss. 585-596. doi:10.1093/icb/40.4.585.
^ The Ocular Surface Volume 7, Issue 3 , Pages 121-127 , July 2009^{[ölü/kırık bağlantı]} Tear Apparatus of Animals: Do They Weep?
^ NCBI Department of Biology, College of Charleston 12 Haziran 2015 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. A new lachrymal gland with an excretory duct in red and fallow deer" by Johann jacob Harder (1694): English translation and historical perspective, by Hillenius WJ, Phillips DA, Rehorek SJ.

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