Glomerüler filtrasyon oranı

Şematik bir nefron. Nefron tarafından sıvı ve elektrolitlerin işlenmesine ilişkin temel fizyolojik mekanizmalar - filtrasyon, sekresyon, yeniden emilim ve boşaltım - etiketlenmiştir.

Böbrek fonksiyonları arasında kan basıncı, asit-baz ve sıvı dengesinin yanı sıra sodyum, potasyum ve diğer elektrolitlerin düzenlenmesi; toksinlerin temizlenmesi ; glikoz, amino asitler ve diğer küçük moleküllerin emilimi; eritropoietin yapımı gibi çeşitli hormonların üretimi; ve D vitamini aktivasyonu bulunur.

Böbrek fonksiyonunun ölçütlerinden biri glomerüler filtrasyon hızıdır (GFR). Glomerüler filtrasyon hızı, filtre edilen sıvının böbrek boyunca akış hızını tanımlar. Kreatinin klirens oranı (Cr veya CrCl), birim zamanda kreatinin'den temizlenen kan plazması hacmidir ve GFR'ye yaklaşık bir ölçüdür. Hem GFR hem de C Cr, kan ve idrardaki maddelerin karşılaştırmalı ölçümleriyle doğru bir şekilde hesaplanabilir veya sadece bir kan testi sonucu kullanılarak tahmin edilebilir (eGFR ve eC Cr) . Bu testlerin sonuçları, böbreklerin boşaltım fonksiyonunu değerlendirmek için kullanılır. Kronik böbrek hastalığının evrelemesi, GFR yanı sıra albüminüri ve böbrek hastalığı nedenine dayandırılır.[1]

Vücut yüzey alanına göre ayarlanan normal GFR aralığı erkeklerde 100–130 ortalama 125 mL/dk/ 1,73m2 ve 40 yaşından küçük kadınlarda 90–120 mL/dk/ 1,73m2'dir. Çocuklarda inülin klerensi ile ölçülen GFR her iki cinsiyette de 2 yaşına kadar 110 mL/dk/1,73 m2 olup, daha sonra giderek azalır. 40 yaşından sonra, GFR yaşla birlikte kademeli olarak yılda 0.4-1.2 mL/dak azalır.

Tahmini GFR (eGFR), GFR'nin rutin değerlendirmesi için klinik uygulama kılavuzları ve düzenleyici kurumlar tarafından tavsiye edilirken, ölçülen GFR (mGFR) doğrulayıcı bir test olarak önerilmektedir.[2]

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Stevens (4 Haziran 2013). "Evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease: synopsis of the kidney disease: improving global outcomes 2012 clinical practice guideline". Annals of Internal Medicine. 158 (11): 825-830. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-158-11-201306040-00007. ISSN 1539-3704. PMID 23732715. 
  2. ^ Levey AS (2020). "Measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate: current status and future directions". Nat Rev Nephrol. 16 (1): 51-64. doi:10.1038/s41581-019-0191-y. PMID 31527790. 

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