Estergon

Estergon
Esztergom
Kalyan medresesi ve cami
Estergon bayrağı
Bayrak
Estergon mührü
Mühür
Takma adlar:
Macaristan Roması, Macaristan Siyon'u,
İstvan'ın kenti
Macaristan üzerinde Estergon
Estergon
Estergon
Esztergom'un Macaristan'daki konumu
MacaristanMacaristan
VilayetKomárom-Esztergom
İdare
 • Belediye BaşkanıEtelka Romanek
Yüzölçümü
 • Toplam100.35 km²
Nüfus
 (2009)
 • Toplam30.928
 • Yoğunluk308.2/km²
Zaman dilimiUTC+01.00 (OAS)
 • Yaz (YSU)UTC+02.00 (OAYS)
Alan kodu33
Resmî site
www.esztergom.hu

Estergon (Macarca: Esztergom, Almanca: Gran), kuzey Macaristan'da, başkent Budapeşte'nin 50 km kuzeybatısında, Komárom-Esztergom bölgesinde yer alan bir kenttir.

Tuna Nehrinin sağ sahilinde bulunup sol sahilindeki Slovakya'nın Štúrovo (Osmanlı döneminde Ciğerdelen) kentiyle Macaristan-Slovakya sınırını oluşturmaktadır. İki şehir birbirine Marie Valerie Köprüsü ile bağlıdır.

Tarihi

Estergon, Macaristan'ın eski şehirlerinden birisidir. 10. yüzyıldan 13. yüzyılın ortasına, Arpad Hanedanı Kral IV. Béla döneminde payitahtın önce Visegrád'a daha sonra Buda'ya taşınmasına kadar olan sürede Macaristan'ın başkentiydi. Estergon, I. Süleyman'ın 1529 yılında gerçekleştirdiği I. Viyana Seferi sırasında geçici olarak, 1543 yılında gerçekleştirilen kuşatma sonucunda kesin olarak Osmanlı egemenliğine geçti.[1] Estergon fetihten sonra Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun kuzeybatı sınırındaki konumu itibarıyla önemli bir sancak merkezi oldu. 1595 yılında Almanlar tarafından işgal edilen Estergon, Sokolluzade Lala Mehmed Paşa tarafından yeniden Osmanlı topraklarına katıldı ve 1683 tarihinde Almanlar tarafından işgaline kadar Osmanlı sancağı olarak kaldı.[1]

Esztergom'da hâlen Macaristan'daki Roma Katolik Kilisesi'nin prímás'ının tahtı bulunmaktadır.

Galeri

  • Gotik kalesi
    Gotik kalesi
  • Karanlık kapısı
    Karanlık kapısı
  • Kilise
    Kilise
  • Széchenyi Meydanındaki Istvan heykeli
    Széchenyi Meydanındaki Istvan heykeli
  • Esztergom
    Esztergom
  • Osmanlı Döneminde Esztergom,1664
    Osmanlı Döneminde Esztergom,1664

Kaynakça

  1. ^ a b "Macaristan'da Osmanlı Hakimiyetinin ve İdari Teşkilatının Kuruluşu ve Gelişmesi, Sadık Müfit Bilge" (PDF). 8 Kasım 2015 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 19 Kasım 2012. 

Dış bağlantılar

Wikimedia Commons'ta Esztergom ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur

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