Birleşmiş Milletler Yakın Doğu'daki Filistinli Mültecilere Yardım ve Bayındırlık Ajansı

Birleşmiş Milletler Yakın Doğu'daki Filistinli Mültecilere Yardım ve Bayındırlık Ajansı'nın (UNRWA) Güney Lübnan'ın Tyre/Sour kentindeki bölge ofisinin tabelası.

Birleşmiş Milletler Yakın Doğu'daki Filistinli Mültecilere Yardım ve Bayındırlık Ajansı (İngilizce: United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East) ya da kısa adıyla UNRWA, 1948'de İsrail'in kurulmasından sonra çıkan Arap-İsrail savaşları sırasında evlerini ve geçim kaynaklarını yitiren Filistinlilere yardım amacıyla Birleşmiş Milletler Genel Kurulu tarafından 9 Aralık 1949'da oluşturulan özel kuruluş. Yardım kapsamına girenlerin sayısı başlangıçta 500 bin dolayındaydı; 1980'lerin ortalarında bu sayı tahminen 2.100.000'e ulaşmıştı. Bunlar arasında ilk mültecilerin çocukları, mülteci olmayan yoksullar, ölen mültecilerin yardım karnelerini kullanan başka kişiler de vardı.

Yardımdan yararlananların bazıları yarım günlük işler bulmuş ya da kampların dışına taşınmıştır. Ama UNRWA, genellikle UNESCO ile işbirliği içinde, mülteciler için kamplar, okul ve sağlık klinkileri açmayı, meslek eğitimi vermeyi, yiyecek ve giyecek dağıtmayı sürdürmektedir. Örgüt BM üyesi ülkelerin gönüllü yardımlarıyla desteklenmektedir. Daha önce kurulan Birleşmiş Milletler Yakındoğu Filistin Mültecilerine Yardım Örgütü gibi UNRWA da önceleri geçici bir kurum olarak tasarlanmıştı. Ancak Ortadoğu'daki mülteci sorunu, toplumsal ve ekonomik olduğu kadar siyasal çözümleri de gerektirdiği için, ayrıca sorun 1967 Arap-İsrail Savaşı'ndan sonra derinleştiğinden, UNRWA'nın çalışma süresi birçok kez uzatılmıştır.

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