Artephius

Artephius (veya Artefius) (y. 1150), bir dizi simyasal metnin atfedildiği bir yazardır. Metinlerin kökleri belirsiz ve yazarlarının kimliği belirsiz olsa da, en azından bir kısmı Arapça kökenlidir. Ars sintrillia, Clavis sapientiae veya Clavis maioris sapientiae ve Liber secretus adlı birkaç kitabın yazarı olarak bilinir.[1]

Kimlik konusunda kafa karışıklığı

Simya sahte yazı, tarihi Artephius'un kim olabileceğini belirlemeyi zorlaştırıyor. Kimliği açık bir soru olmaya devam ediyor. Artephius'un Gizli Kitabına saygı duyulduğu ve Roger Bacon tarafından birçok kez bahsedildiği için, Artephius'un yazısı yaklaşık 1150'ye tarihlenmektedir.[2] Yazar, Restoro d'Arezzo, 1282'deki Composizione del Mondo adlı eserinde Orfeus'u Artephius ile birleştirdi.[3] Bu hata, Arapça Orpheus ve Artephius'un çok benzer olması nedeniyle bir çeviri hatasından kaynaklanıyordu. Bu transkripsiyon hatası bize tarihsel bir kişiliği olmayan simyacı "Artephius"u verdi.[4]

Artephius ayrıca yanlış şekilde din değiştirmiş bir Yahudi olarak tanımlandı,[5] Tyana'lı Apollonius, İskenderiyeli Stephanus, Al-Tughrai,[3] ve Ibn Umail.[4] Keşif "Clavis Sapientia"nın 13/14. yüzyıldan kalma bir kopyası, metnin ilk olarak Müslüman bir yazar tarafından Arapça yazıldığını doğrulamaktadır.[4]

Miras

Bir Rönesans geleneği, Artephius'un yaşamı uzatmayı mümkün kılan simyasal iksiri keşfetmesi sayesinde birinci veya ikinci yüzyılda doğduğunu ve on ikinci yüzyılda öldüğünü savunuyordu. Artephius, "Gizli Kitap"ında gerçekten de bin yıldan daha yaşlı olduğunu iddia eder.

Basılı formda, Artephius'a atfedilen eserler on yedinci yüzyılda iyi bilinir hale geldi. 1609'da Paris'te "Artefii clavis majoris sapientiae" adlı bir eser basıldı. Daha sonra, orijinali 1613'te basılan Theatrum Chemicum'un IV. Cildinde de yer aldı.[6] Sonra 1624'te Eirenaeus Orandus 'gizli kitap'ın İngilizce çevirisini sağladı.[7] Clavis Sapentia'nın Latince baskıları oldukça kısaltılmıştır ve Arapça metinde bulunan orijinal şemalardan yoksundur.[4]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ "At the Crossroads of magic and science: John Dee's Archemastrie" by Nicholas H. Clulee. In: "Occult and Scientific mentalities in the Renaissance" edited by Brian Vickers.
  2. ^ Patai, Raphael. The Jewish alchemists: A history and source book. Princeton University Press. 1994. p. 143
  3. ^ a b Austin, H.D. 1937. "Artephius-Orpheus." Speculum 12: 251–54.
  4. ^ a b c d Levi della Vida, G. 1938. "Something More about Artefius and His Clavis Sapientiae." Speculum 13: 80–85
  5. ^ Patai, Raphael. ‘‘The Jewish alchemists: A history and source book.’’ Princeton University Press. 1994. p. 142
  6. ^ "The Alchemy web site on Levity.com". Levity.com. 14 Temmuz 2019 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 8 Temmuz 2008. 
  7. ^ "The Alchemy web site on Levity.com - Secret Book of Artephius". Levity.com. 18 Haziran 2008 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 8 Temmuz 2008. 

*Austin, H.D. 1937. "Artephius-Orpheus." Speculum 12: 251–54.

  • Levi della Vida, G. 1938. "Something More about Artefius and His Clavis Sapientiae." Speculum 13: 80–85.
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