Cristina, Reyna ng Suwesya

Si Christina ng Sweden.

Si Cristina ng Suwesya (Suweko: Kristina Augusta; 18 Disyembre [Lumang Estilo 8 Disyembre] 1626 – 19 Abril 1689), na sa lumaon ay umangkin ng pangalang Christina Alexandra,[1] ay ang Reynang pinuno ng Sweden mula 1633 hanggang 1654, na gumamit ng mga pamagat na Reyna ng mga Suweko, mga Goth at mga Bandalo,[2] Dakilang Prinsesa ng Pinlandiya, at Dukesa ng Ingria, Estonia, Livonia at Karelia.[3] Siya lamang ang tanging ang dating natitira pang tunay na anak ng haring si Gustav II Adolph at ng kaniyang asawang si Maria Eleonora ng Brandenburgo. Bilang ipinapalagay na tagapagmana, siya ang humalili sa trono ng mamatay ang kaniyang ama, habang si Christina ay anim na taong gulang pa lamang; namatay ang kaniyang ama habang nakikilahok sa Labanan ng Lützen. Bilang isang anak na babae ng isang kampeon ng Protestantismo noong panahon ng Tatlumpong Taong Digmaan, nagdulot siya ng isang iskandalo nang nagbitiw siya sa tungkulin at iniwan ang trono upang maging isang Katoliko Romano noong 1654. Sa loob ng panghuling bahagi ng kaniyang buhay, siya ay naglagi sa Roma at naging isang pinuno ng tanghalan at musika. Bilang isang reynang walang bansa, pinrutektahan niya ang maraming mga artista at mga proyekto. Isa siya sa mangilan-ngilang mga babae na inilibing sa groto ng Batikano.

Si Christina ay sumpungin, matalino, at mahilig sa mga aklat at mga manuskrito, relihiyon, alkemiya, at agham. Ninais niya na ang Stockholm ay maging "Atenas ng Hilaga". Dahil sa impluwensiya ng Kontra-Repormasyon, tumaas ang kaniyang pagkaakit sa kulturang Baroque at Mediteraneo na naging sanhi ng kaniyang paglisan mula sa kaniyang bansang Protestante. Ang kaniyang hindi pangkaugaliang estilo ng pamumuahay at panlalaking pananamit at pag-uugali ay magiging tampok sa hindi mabilang na mga nobela, mga dula, mga opera, at mga pelikula.

Mga sanggunian

  1. ↑ Ang Alexandra ay ang pangalan sa kumpil, na pinili bilang pagpaparangal sa namumunong papa na si Alejandro VII at mula rin sa isa sa kaniyang mga bayani na si Alexander ang Dakila. Hinikayat din siya ng Papa na idagdag ang "Maria" bilang pagpaparangal sa Birheng Maria subalit hindi niya ito ginusto, at inilagda lamang ang kaniyang pangalan bilang "Christina Alexandra", bagamang may mga kronikulerong Katoliko na nagtakda ng "Maria" sa kaniya - Buckley, p. 250.
  2. ↑ Der König der Schweden, Goten und Vandalen. Königstitulatur und Vandalenrezeption im frühneuzeitlichen Schwedenby Stefan Donecker. Para sa mas marami pang impormasyon, tingnan ang mga artikulo hinggil sa Mga Nasasakupan ng Sweden at kay Johannes Magnus.
  3. ↑ Stolpe, Sven (1974) Drottning Kristina Efter tronavsägelsen, Bolyum 2 (Bonnier, ISBN 91-0-039241-3) pp. 142 & 145

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