Bundok St. Helens

Mount St. Helens.

Ang Bundok St. Helens (na kilala bilang Lawetlat'la sa mga katutubong tao ng Cowlitz, at ang Loowit o Louwala-Clough sa Klickitat) ay isang aktibong stratovolcano na matatagpuan sa Skamania County, Washington, sa rehiyon ng Pacific Northwest ng Estados Unidos. Ito ay 50 milya (80 km) hilagang-silangan ng Portland, Oregon at 96 milya (154 km) timog ng Seattle, Washington. Kinuha ng Mount St. Helens ang Ingles na pangalan mula sa British diplomat na Lord St Helens, isang kaibigan ng explorer na si George Vancouver na gumawa ng isang survey sa lugar noong huling bahagi ng ika-18 siglo. Ang bulkan ay matatagpuan sa Cascade Range at bahagi ng Cascade Volcanic Ang Arc, isang segment ng Singsing ng Apoy ng Pasipiko na may kasamang higit sa 160 aktibong bulkan. Ang bulkan na ito ay mahusay na kilala para sa mga pagsabog ng abo at pyroclastic flow.

Ang Mount St. Helens ay pinaka kilalang-kilala para sa pangunahing pagsabog nito noong Mayo 18, 1980, ang pinakahuli at pinaka-ekonomikong mapanirang kaganapan ng bulkan sa kasaysayan ng Estados Unidos.Fifty-pitong tao ang napatay; 250 bahay, 47 tulay, 15 milya (24 km) ng mga riles, at 185 milya (298 km) ng highway ay nawasak. Isang napakalaking burol ng mga labi, na na-trigger ng isang lindol na may lakas na 5.1, na nagdulot ng isang pag-ilid ng paglaon na nabawasan ang pagtaas ng taluktok ng bundok mula 9,677 piye (2,950 m) hanggang 8,363 piye (2,549 m), na nag-iwan ng isang milya na 1.6 kilometro -shaped crater.Ang mga labi ng avalanche ay hanggang sa 0.7 cubic miles (2.9 km3) sa dami. Ang Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument ay nilikha upang mapanatili ang bulkan at payagan na matapos ang pagsabog na pag-aralan ng siyentipiko.

Tulad ng karamihan sa iba pang mga bulkan sa Cascade Range, ang Mount St Helens ay isang malaking eruptive cone na binubuo ng lava rock na nalakip sa abo, pumice, at iba pang mga deposito. Kasama sa bundok ang mga patong ng basalt at andesita kung saan sumabog ang ilang mga domes ng dacite lava. Ang pinakamalaking ng dacite domes ay nabuo ang nakaraang summit, at mula sa hilagang flank nito ay nakaupo ang mas maliit na dome ng Goat Rocks. Parehong nawasak sa pagsabog ng 1980.

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