Om och endast om

Om och endast om (förkortat omm) är ett uttryck som förekommer inom matematik och logik. Med och som beteckningar för påståenden, är satsen " om och endast om ", liktydig med att de två påståendena är ekvivalenta. Ett annat sätt att uttrycka detta är att är ett nödvändigt och tillräckligt villkor för .

Inom matematiken används ekvivalenssymbolen "" och inom logiken "", där båda symbolerna tolkas som materiell ekvivalens.

är liktydig med och , det vill säga en materiell implikation, som går i båda riktningarna.

Om och endast om definieras av samma sanningsvärdetabell som materiell ekvivalens.

Om och endast om
F F S
F S F
S F F
S S S

Exempel

Påståendet "En triangel är liksidig om och endast om den är likvinklig" kan även skrivas som "Att en triangel är liksidig är ett tillräckligt och nödvändigt villkor för att den skall vara likvinklig".

Påståendet om och endast om eller , betyder således att

om eller , så är , och om så är eller .

Det så kallade Tvåkvadratsteoremet kan formuleras:

Det udda primtalet kan skrivas som summan av två kvadrater om och endast om kan skrivas på formen .

Se även

Källor

  • Logik, filosofi och språk, Georg Henrik von Wright, Aldus Stockholm 1957.
  • Diskret matematik, Karl-Johan Bäckström, Studentlitteratur 1986.
  • Göran Hermerén, Logik, Studentlitteratur Lund 1965.

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