Flugsnappare

Flugsnappare
Halsbandsflugsnappare (Ficedula albicollis)
Systematik
DomänEukaryoter
Eukaryota
RikeDjur
Animalia
StamRyggsträngsdjur
Chordata
UnderstamRyggradsdjur
Vertebrata
KlassFåglar
Aves
OrdningTättingar
Passeriformes
FamiljFlugsnappare
Muscicapidae
Vigors, 1825
Rödhaken ingår i familjen flugsnappare som ensam art i släktet Erithacus.

Flugsnappare (Muscicapidae), är en familj i ordningen tättingar.[1] Tidigare betraktades en stor del av familjen tillhöra trastarna i Turdidae.

Utbredning

Familjen, som är nära släkt med trastarna, omfattar en stor mängd släkten och arter som alla har sin utbredning i Europa, Asien, Afrika och till viss del i Australien. Dock finns det en liten population av stenskvätta på Grönland och i Kanada samt blåhake i Alaska.

Utseende och ekologi

Flugsnappare är huvudsakligen små skogslevande insektsätare och många, precis som familjenamnet antyder, fångar sitt byte i flykten. Utseendemässigt skiljer arterna inom familjen sig åt avsevärt. Merparten bygger välkonstruerade skålformiga öppna bon i håligheter eller öppet i träd och buskar. Åtminstone de i Sverige förekommande flugsnapparna är nattsträckare och flyger inte i flock.[2]

Systematik

Systematiken för denna grupp har varit och är fortfarande till viss del omstridd. Genetiska studier visar att de flesta av de arter som tidigare behandlades i familjen trastar i underfamiljen Saxicolinae egentligen är flugsnappare. Även andra traditionella trastsläkten som Monticola, Myophonus, Heinrichia, Brachypteryx och Alethe hör hit. Vidare har den överraskande upptäckten gjorts att arten Leonardina woodi inte alls är en timalia som man tidigare trott utan står nära kortvingarna.

Sentida DNA-studier har resulterat i stora förändringar i systematiken även på släktesnivå. Här följer några exempel:

Dessutom visar sig några arter vara placerade i fel släkten. Till exempel är svarthuvad stentrast (tidigare Thamnolaea semirufus) en stentrast och rödstjärtad flugsnappare är en Ficedula, ej Muscicapa.

Underfamiljer och släkten

Följande indelning i släkten och artantal följer IOC med kommentarer om avvikelser[3] och indelningen i underfamiljer följer Zhao et al 2023.

Se även

Noter

  1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2014) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.9 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2015-02-01
  2. ^ Magnus Ullman (2011) Vilken fågel?
  3. ^ Gill F, D Donsker & P Rasmussen  (Eds). 2024. IOC World Bird List (v14.1). doi :  10.14344/IOC.ML.14.1.

Externa länkar

Katalogdata
​​​​ • Dyntaxa: 2002109​ • EoL: 1637​ • GBIF: 9322​​​ • Inaturalist: 12704​ • ITIS: 178663​​ • NCBI: 36291​ • Fossilworks: 133794​ • WoRMS: 196044​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ • Fauna Europaea: 10853​​​​​​​​​​​​​

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