Јуриј Самарин

Јуриј Самарин
Портрет Самарина, рад Василија Тропинина
Лични подаци
Датум рођења(1819-04-21)21. април 1819.
Место рођењаСанкт Петербург, Руска Империја
Датум смрти19. март 1876.(1876-03-19) (56 год.)
Место смртиБерлин, Немачко царство

Јуриј Фјодорович Самарин (рус. Ю́рий Фёдорович Сама́рин; Санкт Петербург, 3. мај 1819 — Берлин, 31. март 1876) био је водећи руски словенофилски мислилац и један од архитеката реформе о еманципацији 1861. године.

Биографија

Потицао је из племићке породице и од малих ногу се дружио са Константином Аксаковом. Био је ватрени обожавалац Хегела и Хомјакова,

Самарин је похађао Московски универзитет, где је међу његовим наставницима био и Михаил Погодин. Дошао је до уверења да је „Православље, и само православље, религија коју филозофија може да препозна” и да „православна црква не може постојати одвојено од Хегелове филозофије”.[1] Самаринова дисертација је била студија о утицају Феофана Прокоповича на Руску православну цркву.

Касније се придружио владиној служби и настанио се у Риги, где га је добро укорењени утицај балтичког немачког племства изнервирао до те мере да је позвао владу да појача активности русификације у региону. Овај излив шовинизма довео је до његовог кратког затварања у Петропавловску тврђаву. (Самариново словенофилство је означено за панславизам, који је Николај I посматрао као „бунтовничку доктрину“).

У својим последњим годинама, Самарин је наставио да обилно пише о националним и „сељачким“ питањима, залажући се за постепено укидање кметства.[2] После Јануарског устанка саветовао је Николаја Миљутина да подржи пољско сељаштво као оличење „словенске душе“ Пољске на рачун „снага латинизма“,[3] тј. побуњеног племства и католичког свештенства. Умро је у Берлину од сепсе и саһрањен је поред Һомјакова у Данилову манастиру.

Референце

  1. ^ Samarin's words quoted from: V. V. Zenkovsky. A History of Russian Philosophy. Vol. 1. Taylor & Francis, 2003. Page 229.
  2. ^ Daniel Field. The end of serfdom: nobility and bureaucracy in Russia, 1855-1861. Harvard University Press, 1976.
  3. ^ David L. Ransel, Bożena Shallcross. Polish Encounters, Russian Identity. Indiana University Press, 2005. Page 93.

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