Tokom 1980-tih, postalo je jasno da su ovi inhibitori deo superfamilijesrodnih proteina koja obuhvata proteazne inhibitore (e.g. alfa 1-antitripsin) i neinhibitorne članove (e.g. ovalbumin).[16] Tokom istog perioda, prve strukture serpinskih proteina su rešene (prvo u relaksiranoj, i kasnije u napregnutoj konformaciji).[17][18] Strukture su pokazale da inhibitorni mehanizam obuhvata neobičnu konformacionu promenu i podstakle su dalji strukturni fokus na izučavanju serpina.[5][18]
Preko 1000 serpina je do sada identifikovano, uključujući 36 ljudskih proteina, kao i molekule iz svih carstava životnih formi — životinja, biljki, gljiva, bakterija, i arhaja — i pojedinih virusa.[19][20][21] Tokom 2000-tih, uvedena je sistematska nomenklatura da bi se kategorisali članovi serpinske superfamilije na bazi njihovih evolucionarnih odnosa.[1] Serpini su najveća i najraznovrsnija superfamilija proteaznih inhibitora.[22]
Reference
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^ абStein PE, Carrell RW (1995). „What do dysfunctional serpins tell us about molecular mobility and disease?”. Nature Structural Biology. 2 (2): 96—113. PMID7749926. doi:10.1038/nsb0295-96.
^ абJanciauskiene SM, Bals R, Koczulla R, Vogelmeier C, Köhnlein T, Welte T (2011). „The discovery of α1-antitrypsin and its role in health and disease”. Respiratory Medicine. 105 (8): 1129—39. PMID21367592. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2011.02.002.
^Fermi C, Personsi L (1984). „Untersuchungen uber die enzyme, Vergleichende Studie” [Studies on the enzyme, Comparative study]. Z Hyg Infektionskr (18): 83—89.
^Schultz H, Guilder I, Heide K, Schoenenberger M, Schwick G (1955). „Zur Kenntnis der alpha-globulin des menschlichen normal serums” [For knowledge of the alpha - globulin of human normal serums]. Naturforsch (10): 463.
^Laurell CB, Eriksson S (2013). „The electrophoretic α1-globulin pattern of serum in α1-antitrypsin deficiency. 1963”. Copd. 10 Suppl 1: 3—8. PMID23527532. doi:10.3109/15412555.2013.771956.
^de Serres FJ (01. 11. 2002). „Worldwide Racial and Ethnic Distribution of α-Antitrypsin Deficiency”. CHEST Journal. 122 (5): 1818—1829. doi:10.1378/chest.122.5.1818.
^Egeberg O (1965). „Inherited antithrombin deficiency causing thrombophilia”. Thrombosis Et Diathesis Haemorrhagica. 13: 516—30. PMID14347873.
^Hunt LT, Dayhoff MO (1980). „A surprising new protein superfamily containing ovalbumin, antithrombin-III, and alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor”. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 95 (2): 864—71. PMID6968211. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(80)90867-0.
^Loebermann H, Tokuoka R, Deisenhofer J, Huber R (1984). „Human alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor. Crystal structure analysis of two crystal modifications, molecular model and preliminary analysis of the implications for function”. Journal of Molecular Biology. 177 (3): 531—57. PMID6332197. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(84)90298-5.
^ абStein PE, Leslie AG, Finch JT, Turnell WG, McLaughlin PJ, Carrell RW (1990). „Crystal structure of ovalbumin as a model for the reactive centre of serpins”. Nature. 347 (6288): 99—102. PMID2395463. doi:10.1038/347099a0.
^Irving JA, Pike RN, Lesk AM, Whisstock JC (2000). „Phylogeny of the serpin superfamily: implications of patterns of amino acid conservation for structure and function”. Genome Research. 10 (12): 1845—64. PMID11116082. doi:10.1101/gr.GR-1478R.
^Steenbakkers PJ, Irving JA, Harhangi HR, Swinkels WJ, Akhmanova A, Dijkerman R, Jetten MS, van der Drift C, Whisstock JC, Op den Camp HJ (2008). „A serpin in the cellulosome of the anaerobic fungus Piromyces sp. strain E2”. Mycological Research. 112 (Pt 8): 999—1006. PMID18539447. doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2008.01.021.