Benzil hlorid

Benzil hlorid
Benzyl chloride
Benzyl chloride
Nazivi
IUPAC naziv
hlorofenilmetan
Drugi nazivi
α-hlorotoluen
Identifikacija
3D model (Jmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.002.594
KEGG[1]
UNII
  • ClCc1ccccc1
  • c1ccc(cc1)CCl
Svojstva
C7H7Cl
Molarna masa 126,58 g/mol
Gustina 1,100 g/cm3
Tačka topljenja −39°C
Tačka ključanja 179°C
Ukoliko nije drugačije napomenuto, podaci se odnose na standardno stanje materijala (na 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
ДаY verifikuj (šta je ДаYНеН ?)
Reference infokutije

Benzil hlorid (α-hlorotoluen) je organsko jedinjenje sa formulom C6H5CH2Cl. Ova bezbojna tečnost je reaktivno organohloridno jedinjenje koje je u širokoj upotrebi kao hemijski gradivni blok.

Priprema

Benzil hlorid se industrijski priprema putem fotohemijske reakcije u gasnoj fazi između toluena i hlora:[4]

C6H5CH3 + Cl2 → C6H5CH2Cl + HCl

Na taj način, približno 100.000 tona se proizvede godišnje. Reakcija se odvija mehanizmom slobodnih radikala, pri čemu su intermedijari atomi hlora.[5] Sporedni proizvodi reakcije su benzil hlorid i benzotrihlorid.

Postoje i drugi metodi, kao što je Blankova hlorometilacija benzena. Benzil hlorid je inicijalno bio pripreman tretiranjem benzil alkohola sa hlorovodoničnom kiselinom.

Reference

  1. ^ Joanne Wixon; Douglas Kell (2000). „Website Review: The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes — KEGG”. Yeast. 17 (1): 48—55. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(200004)17:1<48::AID-YEA2>3.0.CO;2-H. 
  2. ^ Li Q, Cheng T, Wang Y, Bryant SH (2010). „PubChem as a public resource for drug discovery.”. Drug Discov Today. 15 (23-24): 1052—7. PMID 20970519. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2010.10.003.  уреди
  3. ^ Evan E. Bolton; Yanli Wang; Paul A. Thiessen; Stephen H. Bryant (2008). „Chapter 12 PubChem: Integrated Platform of Small Molecules and Biological Activities”. Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry. 4: 217—241. doi:10.1016/S1574-1400(08)00012-1. 
  4. ^ M. Rossberg et al. “Chlorinated Hydrocarbons” in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2006, . Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2.  Недостаје или је празан параметар |title= (помоћ)
  5. ^ Furniss, B. S.; Hannaford, A. J.; Smith, P. W. G.; Tatchell, A. R. (1989), Vogel's Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry (5th изд.), Harlow: Longman, стр. 864, ISBN 0-582-46236-3 

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