Johann Christian Bach

Johann Christian Bach
Portret
Rojstvo5. september 1735({{padleft:1735|4|0}}-{{padleft:9|2|0}}-{{padleft:5|2|0}})[1][2]
Leipzig[1][3]
Smrt1. januar 1782({{padleft:1782|4|0}}-{{padleft:1|2|0}}-{{padleft:1|2|0}})[1][2][…] (46 let)
London[1]
Državljanstvo Saška
 Kraljevina Velika Britanija
Poklicskladatelj, pianist, aranžer

Johann Christian Bach, nemški skladatelj, * 5. september 1735, Leipzig, † 1. januar 1782, London.

Johann Christian Bach je bil enajsti od trinajstih otrok Johanna Sebastiana Bacha in njegove druge žene Anne Magdalene. V glasbi ga je prvih petnajst let (do svoje smrti leta 1750) poučeval oče, nato pa njegov starejši brat Philipp Emmanuel, dvorni čembalist pruskega kralja. Brat ga je izuril v odličnega čembalista in v Berlinu je večkrat samostojno nastopal. Leta 1754 je Johann Christian odpotoval v Italijo, kjer je prestopil v katoliško vero in postal dvorni glasbenik pri grofu Agostinu Litti v Milanu. Delodajalec mu je omogočil študij pri p. Martiniju v Bologni in pri G. B. Sammartiniju Milanu. Leta 1760 je postal organist milanske stolnice. Zložil je vrsto nabožnih del, zares pa je uspel z operami Artaserse, Catone in Utica in Alessandro nelle Indie, ki so njegovo slavo razširile po vsej Evropi.

Leta 1762 je mladi Bach odšel v London, kjer je deloval v Kraljevem gledališču, ki je redno uprizarjalo njegove opere. S prijateljem C. F. Ablom sta petnajst let organizirala slovite Bachove in Ablove koncerte. Leta 1764 in 1765 se je v Londonu zadrževala Mozartova družina in Wolfgang se je pri Christianu Bachu učil kompozicije. Bach je čudežnemu dečku zastavljal vedno težje glasbene uganke in naloge, ki jih je otrok z lahkoto reševal. Postala sta velika prijatelja in Bachov slog je opazen v Mozartovih mladostnih delih, pa tudi kasnejših skladbah. Bach je namreč prenesel melodične linije, značilne za italijansko opero tistega časa v svoja komorna dela in simfonije. Ta glasbeni izraz so imenovali stile galante in Mozart je postal v njem nedosežen mojster.

Johann Christian Bach je poleg velikega števila oper, maš, sonat, kvartetov, kvintetov, trio-sonat, koncertantnih simfonij in arij napisal 92 simfonij, ki so bile po obliki in slogu nekje vmes med italijansko sinfonio in simfonijo klasicističnega obdobja: imele so sonatni allegro, počasen drugi stavek in plesno razgiban finale. Muzikološka znanost trdi, da je bil J. C. Bach prvi, ki je načrtno izrabljal nasprotja med glasbenimi idejami, kar je osnovno načelo sonatne oblike. Prav to kompozicijsko načelo je mladi Mozart s pridom uporabil v svojih kompozicijah. V glasbeno zgodovino pa bi se J. Chr. Bach zapisal že z dejstvom, da je bil prvi, ki je izdal zvezek sonat za novi inštrument klavir (leta 1766).

Sklici

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Record #118505521 // Gemeinsame Normdatei — 2012—2016.
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 data.bnf.fr: platforma za odprte podatke — 2011.
  3. ↑ Katalog Nemške nacionalne knjižnice
  4. ↑ Бах, Иоганн Себастьян // Энциклопедический словарь — Sankt Peterburg.: Брокгауз — Ефрон, 1891. — Т. III. — С. 216-218.

Glej tudi

Read other articles:

A.S. Viterbese Castrense

ViterbeseNama lengkapAssociazione Sportiva ViterbeseCalcio SRLJulukanLupi (Serigala)Berdiri1908StadionStadion Enrico Rocchi,Viterbo, Italia(Kapasitas: 6.000)KetuaAndrea PecorelliManajerAlessandro PochesciLigaSerie C2020/21Serie C/C, ke-12 Kostum kandang Kostum tandang Associazione Sportiva Viterbese Calcio adalah sebuah klub sepak bola Italia dari Viterbo, Lazio, yang berdiri pada 1908 dan didirikan lagi pada 2004 sebagai A.S. Viterbo Calcio, tetapi namanya dikembalikan seperti semula pada mu...

 

Airbus A330

Airbus A330 Airbus A330-300 milik Turkish Airlines, operator terbesar A330 Jenis Pesawat berbadan lebar Negara asal Multi-nasional Pembuat Airbus Penerbangan perdana 2 November 1992 Diperkenalkan 17 Januari 1994 bersama Air Inter Status Aktif diproduksi Pengguna utama Garuda IndonesiaAir China China Eastern Airlines Delta Air Lines Lion Air Dibuat 1992–sekarang Jumlah 1,530 hingga 28 Februari 2022[update][1] Dikembangkan dari Airbus A300 Varian Airbus A330 MR...

 

John Newbold Camp

American politician John Newbold CampMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Oklahoma's 6th districtIn officeJanuary 3, 1969 – January 3, 1975Preceded byJames Vernon SmithSucceeded byGlenn EnglishMember of the Oklahoma House of RepresentativesIn office1943–1963 Personal detailsBornMay 11, 1908 (1908-05-11)Enid, OklahomaDiedSeptember 27, 1987 (1987-09-28) (aged 79)Enid, OklahomaCitizenship United StatesPolitical partyRepublicanSpouseVera Ove...

Shibobo

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Shibobo – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 1998 single by TKZee featuring Benni McCarthyShiboboSingle by TKZee featuring Benni McCarthyfrom the album Shibobo Released1998Recorded1998Gen...

 

Problème de l'induction

Le problème de l'induction est la question philosophique de savoir si le raisonnement inductif conduit à la connaissance, comprise dans le sens philosophique classique[1], car il met l'accent sur la prétendue absence de justification dans deux cas : Généraliser les propriétés d'une classe d'objets fondée sur des observations de cas particuliers de cette catégorie (par exemple, la conclusion selon laquelle « tous les cygnes que nous avons vus sont blancs, par conséquent, t...

 

Alabama Crimson Tide women's gymnastics

Women's gymnastics program at the University of Alabama Alabama Crimson TideFounded1975UniversityUniversity of AlabamaHead coachAshley Priess-Johnston (2nd season)ConferenceSECLocationTuscaloosa, AlabamaHome arenaColeman Coliseum (Capacity: 15,075)NicknameCrimson TideColorsCrimson and white[1]   National championships61988, 1991, 1996, 2002, 2011, 2012Super Six appearances331983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996...

1995 in spaceflight

Spaceflight-related events of 1995 1995 in spaceflightSpace Shuttle Atlantis launches on STS-71, the first Shuttle-Mir mission to dock with MirOrbital launchesFirst11 JanuaryLast24 DecemberTotal80Successes72Failures5Partial failures3Catalogued74National firstsSatellite Czech Republic (post Czechoslovakian) Ukraine (post Soviet)RocketsMaiden flightsAthena IConestogaDelta II 7920Long March 1DVolnaShavit 1RetirementsAtlas E/FConestogaLong March 2EMu-3SIISoyuz-U2Crewed flightsOrbital9To...

 

Pentheus

Pentheus dicabik-cabik oleh Ino dan Agave, 450-450 SM, Museum Louvre. Dalam mitologi Yunani, Pentheus adalah raja Thebes, putra dari Ekhion dan Agave, putri Kadmos, pendiri Thebes, dan dewi Harmonia. Pentheus banyak diceritakan dalam drama tragedi berjudul Bakkhai gubahan Euripides. Referensi Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Pentheus. Euripides. The Bacchae.  Gelar kebangsawanan Didahului oleh:Kadmos Raja Thebes Diteruskan oleh:Polidoros

 

Betty White

American actress and comedian (1922–2021) Betty WhiteWhite at the 1988 Emmy AwardsBornBetty Marion White(1922-01-17)January 17, 1922Oak Park, Illinois, U.S.DiedDecember 31, 2021(2021-12-31) (aged 99)Los Angeles, California, U.S.Other namesBetty Marion White LuddenOccupationsActresscomedianYears active1939–2021WorksFilmographySpouses Dick Barker ​ ​(m. 1945; div. 1945)​ Lane Allen ​ ​(m. 1947; d...

1926–27 in Scottish football

Football in ScotlandSeason1926–27 ← 1925–26 1927–28 → 1926–27 in Scottish footballDivision One championsRangersDivision Two championsBo'nessScottish Cup winnersCelticJunior Cup winnersRutherglen GlencairnScotland national team1927 BHC The 1926–27 season was the 54th season of competitive football in Scotland and the 37th season of the Scottish Football League.[1] In addition, the Scotland national amateur team (under the auspices of the SFA) played its...

 

Chris Vrenna

Chris Vrenna Nazionalità Stati Uniti GenereIndustrial rockIndustrial metalRock alternativoMusica elettronicaSteampunk Periodo di attività musicale1988 – in attività Strumentobatteria, tastiere, voce, pianoforte, sintetizzatori, chitarra, basso Gruppi attualiTweaker Gruppi precedentiNine Inch Nails Sito ufficiale Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Chris A. Vrenna (Erie, 23 febbraio 1967) è un musicista statunitense, famoso soprattutto per aver militato nei ...

 

Keuskupan Agung Semarang

Keuskupan Agung SemarangArchidioecesis SemarangensisKatolik Gereja Katedral SemarangLokasiNegaraIndonesiaWilayah Jawa Tengah bagian timur (tidak termasuk Kabupaten Blora dan Rembang) Kota SurakartaKota SemarangKabupaten SemarangKabupaten BoyolaliKabupaten DemakKabupaten GroboganKabupaten JeparaKabupaten KaranganyarKabupaten KendalKabupaten KlatenKabupaten KudusKabupaten MagelangKota MagelangKabupaten PatiKota SalatigaKabupaten SragenKabupaten SukoharjoKabupaten TemanggungKabupaten Wonogi...

Guessouma Fofana

Footballer (born 1992) Guessouma Fofana Fofana in 2023Personal informationDate of birth (1992-12-17) 17 December 1992 (age 31)[1]Place of birth Le Havre, FranceHeight 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in)[1]Position(s) MidfielderTeam informationCurrent team Doxa KatokopiasNumber 6Youth career0000–2010 ES Mont-Gaillard2010–2011 Le HavreSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2010–2012 Le Havre B 20 (0)2012–2013 Boulogne B 5 (0)2013–2015 Lyon-Duchère 43 (1)2015–2018 Ami...

 

Blake Desjarlais

Canadian politician (born 1993) Blake DesjarlaisMPMember of Parliamentfor Edmonton GriesbachIncumbentAssumed office September 20, 2021Preceded byKerry Diotte Personal detailsBorn (1993-12-29) December 29, 1993 (age 30)Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaPolitical partyNew DemocraticEducationMacEwan UniversityUniversity of Victoria Blake Desjarlais (born December 29, 1993) is a Canadian politician who has represented Edmonton Griesbach in the House of Commons since 2021. A member of the New Demo...

 

Wendron United F.C.

Association football club in England Football clubWendron United AFCFull nameWendron United AFCNickname(s)The DronFounded1986GroundThe Underlane, WendronCapacity1,000[1]ChairmanPeter ThorneManagerMichael O'NeillLeagueSouth West Peninsula League Premier Division West2023–24South West Peninsula League Premier Division West, 5th of 17 Wendron United Football Club is a football club based in Wendron, Cornwall. They are currently members of the South West Peninsula League Premier Divisio...

Державний комітет телебачення і радіомовлення України

Державний комітет телебачення і радіомовлення України (Держкомтелерадіо) Приміщення комітетуЗагальна інформаціяКраїна  УкраїнаДата створення 2003Керівне відомство Кабінет Міністрів УкраїниРічний бюджет 1 964 898 500 ₴[1]Голова Олег НаливайкоПідвідомчі ор...

 

قصر (المغرب العربي)

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها.   لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع قصر (توضيح). باللهجة العامية في المغرب العربي تنطق بتسكين القاف وفتح الصاد وتسكين الراء هي بناءات محصنة نجدها في المغرب العربي بجنوبه خصوصا تبنى القص�...

 

Maximal entropy random walk

Maximal entropy random walk (MERW) is a popular type of biased random walk on a graph, in which transition probabilities are chosen accordingly to the principle of maximum entropy, which says that the probability distribution which best represents the current state of knowledge is the one with largest entropy. While standard random walk chooses for every vertex uniform probability distribution among its outgoing edges, locally maximizing entropy rate, MERW maximizes it globally (average entr...

انتخابات في الكويت

جزء من سلسلة حول دولة الكويت تاريخ تاريخ الكويت استقلال الكويت معركة ذات السلاسل معركة الجهراء معركة الرقة معركة الصريف معركة هدية الغزو العراقي للكويت السياسة السياسة آل صباح مجلس الأمة الدستور الكويتي الأمير الأنتخابات الحكومة رئيس وزراء الأحزاب السياسية الاقتصاد ال�...

 

1980 United States presidential election

49th quadrennial U.S. presidential election 1980 United States presidential election ← 1976 November 4, 1980 1984 → 538 members of the Electoral College270 electoral votes needed to winTurnout54.2%[1] 0.6 pp   Nominee Ronald Reagan Jimmy Carter John B. Anderson Party Republican Democratic Independent[a] Home state California Georgia Illinois Running mate George H. W. Bush Walter Mondale Patrick Lucey Electoral vote 489 49 0 States ...