Adenokarcinom

Adenokarcinom
Slika adenokarcinoma, kjer so vidne vakuole, ki porizvajajo mucin. Pap test.
Specialnostonkologija, patologija

Adenokarcinom je tip tumorja, ki lahko nastane v različnih delih telesa. Opredeljen je kot neoplazma epitelijskega tkiva, ki izhaja iz žleze, poseduje lastnosti žlez ali oboje. Adenokarcinomi so del večje skupine rakavih obolenj in ni nujno, da se navedba "adenokarcinom" nahaja v imenu rakavega obolenja. Tako je na primer invazivni duktalni rak dojke, ki je najpogostejši rak dojke, adenokarcinom. Pri nekaterih drugih vrstah rakavih obolenj pa adenokarcinom prepoznamo iz samega imena. Tako na primer v zahodnem svetu narašča pojavnost adenokarcinoma gastroezofagealnega prehoda, to je vrste raka na požiralniku. Nekaj najpogostejših vrst raka je adenokarcinomov. Obstajajo različne vrste adenokarcinoma, ki se med seboj močno razlikujejo, tako da je težko posploševati njihove značilnosti.

V najširšem smislu je žlezni izvor adenokarcinoma eksokrin. Endokrini žlezni tumorji, kot na primer inzulinom ali feokromocitom, po navadi niso opredeljeni kot adenokarcinomi, ampak kot nevroendokrini tumorji. Epitelijsko tkivo po navadi sestavlja površina kože, žlez in različnih drugih tkiv, ki povezujejo telesne votline in organe v telesu. Epitelijsko tkivo lahko embriološko izhaja iz ektoderma, endoderma ali mezoderma. Ni nujno, da so celice del žleze, da ustrezajo definiciji adenokarcinoma, potrebno pa je, da imajo sekretorne lastnosti. Adenokarcinom je maligna oblika žlezne novotvorbe, medtem ko je adenom benigna oblika takšnih tumorjev. Redko se lahko adenomi pretvorijo v adenokarcinome.

Histopatologija

Najpogostejši primeri adenokarcinoma:

Reference

  1. ↑ World Cancer Report 2014. World Health Organization. 2014. str. Chapter 5.3. ISBN 978-92-832-0429-9.
  2. ↑ Bond-Smith, G; Banga, N; Hammond, TM; Imber, CJ (16. maj 2012). »Pancreatic adenocarcinoma«. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 344: e2476. doi:10.1136/bmj.e2476. PMID 22592847.
  3. ↑ World Cancer Report 2014. World Health Organization. 2014. str. 473–474. ISBN 978-92-832-0429-9.
  4. ↑ Burkitt MD, Duckworth CA, Williams JM, Pritchard DM (Februar 2017). »Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric pathology: insights from in vivo and ex vivo models«. Disease Models & Mechanisms. 10 (2): 89–104. doi:10.1242/dmm.027649. PMC 5312008. PMID 28151409.
  5. ↑ Heath JE, Young B, Wheater PR, Lowe JN, Stevens A (2006). Wheater's Functional histology: a text and colour atlas (5th izd.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. str. 283. ISBN 978-0-443-06850-8.
  6. ↑ Lu, C; Onn A, Vaporciyan AA; in sod. (2010). »78: Cancer of the Lung«. Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine (8th izd.). People's Medical Publishing House. ISBN 978-1-60795-014-1.

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