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Rights affecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people vary greatly in different countries and places. In some places same-sex marriage is legal, but in others homosexuals may be punished by death.

As of 2019 same-sex marriage is legal in 28 countries: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, the United States and Uruguay.^[1] However six countries have the death penalty for same-sex sexual acts: Iran, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Nigeria (the northern states), Sudan and Somalia (Jubaland region. The death penalty is a possible punishment in six other countries: Afghanistan, Brunei, Mauritania, Pakistan, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates.

In 2011, the United Nations Human Rights Council recognized the rights of LGBT people. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights issued a report documenting violations of the rights of LGBT people. This included hate crimes, criminalization of homosexual activity, and discrimination. The United Nations asked all countries to make laws protecting basic LGBT rights.^[2][3]

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