Sihanaka (narod)

Sihanaka
Ukupna populacija

508.000[1]

Regioni sa značajnim brojem pripadnika
 Madagaskar
Jezik/ci
malagaški
Religija
Kršćanstvo • Animizam
Srodne etničke grupe
Malgaški narodi

Sihanaka ili Antisihanaka su jedan od 18 naroda Madagaskara, sa 508.000[1] pripadnika (2.4% stanovnika Madagaskara)[2], koji žive na sjeveroistoku centralne madagaskarske visoravni oko Jezera Alaotra.

Njihovo ime na malagaškom znači ljudi iz močvare[1], jer je kraj oko jezera Alaotra bio izrazito močvaran sve donedavno.[1]

Sihanake su većinom ratari i ribari,[3] i oni kao i većinski Merine kao i njihovi susjedi Betsileo govore malgaški makrojezik, točnije jezik malagaške visoravni, ali posebnim dijalektom sihanaka.[3]

Historija

Karta rasprostranjenosti malgaških etničkih grupa

Sihanake su bili samo jedan plemenski klan Antaisaka[3], jednog od plemena Madagaskara, koje je živjelo u južnim močvarnim teritorijima na jugoistoku oko grada Vangaindrano kod ušća rijeke Mananara u Indijski ocean. Prema njihovoj usmenoj predaji sredinom 18. vijeka, njihov plemenski klan odlučio se odseliti iz tog kraja na madagaskarsku visoravan, u kraj oko današnjeg mjesta Masianaka, južno od teritorija plemena Merina, vremenom su se preselili sjevernije - na teritorije gdje danas žive oko jezera Alaotra. U 19. vijeku pokorili su ih zapadni susjedi - Merine i uključili u svoje Kraljevstvo Merina.[3]

Geografska rasprostranjenost

Granice njihova teritorija nisu precizno definirane, kraj u kojem žive do sjevera dopire do teritorija Antambahoaka, na istoku do teritorija naroda Betsimisaraka, na jugu do krajeva gdje žive Bezanozano i na zapadu do krajeva naroda Merina.

Njihova neformalna prijestolnica je grad Ambatondrazaka, ostala mjesta od historijske važnosti za njih su Imerimandroso, Tanambe, Ambohijanahari i Amparafaravola.

Sihanake imaju mnogo sličnosti sa susjednim Merinama i oni kao Merine uzgajaju rižu u navodnjavanim poljima.[2]

Sve grobove ukrašavaju do 10 metara visokim drvenim štulama (jiro).[3][4]

Veze

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 „Sihanaka of Madagascar” (engleski). Joshua project. Pristupljeno 16. 10. 2011. 
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 „Peoples of the East Coast” (engleski). Country Studies. Pristupljeno 16. 10. 2011. 
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 „Languages of Madagascar” (engleski). SIL International. Pristupljeno 16. 10. 2011. 
  4. ↑ „Sihanaka” (engleski). madacamp. Pristupljeno 16. 10. 2011. 

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