Periferija Epir

Periferija Epir
Περιφέρεια Ηπείρου
Položaj Periferije Epir u Grčkoj
 
Sedište Janjina
Prefekture Arta
Janjina
Prevez
Tesprotija
Stanovništvo 358.698 (2005)
Površina 9.203 km²
Gustina naseljenosti 39/km²
Veb stranica www.roe.gr

Periferija Epir (gr: Περιφέρεια Ηπείρου -"Ήπειρος" / Peripheria Ípirou -"Ípiros") je jedna od 13 periferija u Grčkoj. Smeštena je na severozapadu zemlje i obuhvata dobar deo Epira.

Geografija i ekologija

Graniči se sa periferijama:

Ova periferija je podijeljena na 4 prefekture:

Epir (grčki „kontinent“) je planinska oblast (regija) koja pokriva površinu 9203 km² na severozapadu Grčka. Ima oko 350.000 stanovnika, a glavni grad je Janjina. Sa istoka zaštićen gorostasnim planinskim vencem Pinda i mnogobrojnim vrhovima Panaetolikona, Epir je regija sa velikim brojem plantaža pomorandže i limuna, koje okružuju zaliv Anvakikos. Najpoznatiji gradovi oblasti su Janjina, Artaparge i Igumenica.

Reljef u periferiji Epir uglavnom čine stene i planine. Na istoku od Epira je planina Pind.

Klima u Epiru je uglavnom alpska. Vegetacija se sostoji uglavnom od žbunastog rastinja. Fauna je predstavljena sa medvedima, vukovima, lisicama, srnama i risovima.

Historija

Dobro očuvani ostaci poligonalnih zidina, i teatra i odeona kod mesta Kasopi u centralnom Epiru, odnose se na onaj deo istorije ove oblasti kada su u velikom Bronzanom dobu prvi grčki naseljenici nastanili ove krajeve. Kod Nikopolisa, u blizini Preveze, postoje iskopine starog grada koji je sagradio Oktavian kada je izvojevao pobedu nad Markom Antonijem i Kleopatrom (32. pne.) kod Aktiuma, a postoje i ostaci amfiteatra kod Dodonia, jedan od najbolje očuvanih starih teatara u Grčkoj.

Turizam

Kombinacija relativno mirnog načina života stanovnika po živopisnim gradovima i idiličnim dolinama sa jedne strane, i prisustvo velikog broja lepih plaža Jonskog mora, sa druge strane, privlači u Epir sve veći broj turista, naročita sada kada je Igumenica praktično postala ulazna kapija svim motorizovanim turistima iz Italije koji žele da obiđu Grčku. Iz Igumenice veoma dobar put, dužine 101 km, vodi do grada Janjina odakle se može izabrati pravac daljeg putovanja ka severu,a zatim istočno uz prelepe predele planinskog predela Pinda do Mecova , i preko prolaza Katara ka Meteori, Trikali i Larisi sve do naplatne rampe na autoputu Atina-Solun, ili pak drugim pravcem, koji se u svakom slučaju i češće koristi, a vodi ka jugu preko Arte, Amfilohije do Agriniona, gde se putnici mogu prebaciti na feribot koji ide ka mestu Rio, na Peloponezu. Putovanje novim i brzim autoputem, slikovitim predelima, iz Igumenice do mesta Ria, predstavlja pravo uživanje. Autoput se penje uzbrdo, prolazeći kroz šume, zelene i Suncem obasjane livade, pune poljskog cveća i duž dolina ukrašenim oleanderima, koji rastu na obalama reka obraslih bujnim zelenilom. Česta su kampovanja u blizini reke Louros, koja se koristi za rečni turizam. Pored nekoliko mesta sa ostacima gradova iz drevne prošlosti, postoje i pećine Perama koje sadrže stalaktite i stalagnite. Ove pećine nalaze se na 3 km od Janjine. Drugi deo Epira je u republici Albaniji. Taj deo se naziva Severni Epir. Pripao je republici Albaniji 1913. godine.

Demografija

U periferiji Epir živi oko 350.000 ljudi. Najveći broj stanovnika čine Grci, ali ima i Vlaha i Albanaca.

Ekonomija

Sa ekonomskog aspekta periferija Epir je siromašna oblast, sa sitnom industrijom. Zbog stenovitog terena, zemljoradnja je otežana. Gaji se duvan oko Janjine, a razvijen je i ribolov. Ipak najveći deo hrane se uvozi iz plodnijih delova Grčke.

Povezano

Vanjske veze

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