Norbulingka

Povijesni spomenici palače Potala u Lhasi
Svjetska baština – UNESCO
 Kina


Norbulingka na mapi Kine
Norbulingka
Norbulingka
Lokacija palače Norbulingka u Kini
Registriran:1994. (18. zasjedanje)
Vrsta:Kulturno dobro
Mjerilo:i, iv, vi
Ugroženost:no
Referenca:UNESCO

Norbulingka (tibetski: ནོར་བུ་གླིང་ཀ་, Nor-bu-gling-ka; kineski: 羅布林卡, što znači "Park blaga") je palača i pripadajući park u Lhasi (Tibet). Izgrađena je 1755. godine kao ljetna rezidencija Dalaj Lama, što je i ostala sve do kineskog progona 14. Dalaj Lame 1959. godine, nakon kineske invazije. Zbog toga je palača Norbulngka dodana drugim povijesnim spomenicima Lhase (Palača Potala i samostan Jokhang), na UNESCO-v popis mjesta svjetske baštine u Aziji i Oceaniji 2001. godine kao "jedinstven primjer tibetanske arhitekture, velikog povijesnog i vjerskog značaja"[1].

Ulaz u najstariju palaču Gesang
Paviljon u Norbulingki
Festival Sho Dun

Izgradnja palače Norbulingka započela je izgradnjom Uya palače 1751. godine, 7. Dalaj Lame, koju su slijedeći Dalaj Lame nastavili dograđivati izgradnjom paviljona i dvorana. Uskoro je postala ​​ljetnikovac i drugo vjersko, političko i kulturno središte Tibeta, nakon Potala palače. Nalazi se na obali rijeke Lhasa oko 2 km zapadno od palače Potala i smatra se za najveći park u Tibetu[2]. Sastoji se od velikog vrta s nekoliko palača, dvorana i paviljona, na površini od oko 36 hektara (s 374 prostorije)[3]. Područje se sastoji od pet dijelova:

  • Gesang palača (Kelsang Potrang) izgrađena 1755. godine, nazvana je po sedmom Dalaj Lami. Ima tri kata s dvoranama za obožavanje Bude, Dvoranu za rasprave, spavaće sobe, čitaonice i svetišta.
  • Tsoje palaču (Tsokyil Potrang), najznamenitija u Norbulingki s Han paviljonom za tibetansku operu (Khamsum Zilnon), izgradio je 13. Dalaj Lama 1920-ih, pod utjecajem Pekinga; kao i
  • palaču Jensen (Chensel Potrang ) koja se nalazi u vrtu.
  • Palača Gesang Deje je izgrađena 1926. god.;
  • Palača Tagtan Migyur (Migyur Potrang, "Vječna palača") je izgrađena od 1954.-56. uz podršku vlade Narodne Republike Kine. Ona je mješavina arhitekture paviljona i hrama, i veličanstvenija je od ostalih. Njezine zidne slike prikazuju budističke motive, ali i narativnu povijest Tibeta.

Od 1959. godine, Norbulingkom je upravljalo Povjerenstvo ministarstva kulture pod Prijelaznim uredom autonomne regije Tibeta, a kasnije izravno Ured za upravljenje kulturnom baštinom.

Tijekom ljetnih i jesenjih mjeseci parkovi u Tibetu, uključujući Norbulinka park, postaju mjesto plesa, pjevanja i glazbenih festivala, tako se u Norbulingki održava anualni Sho Dun ili "Festival jogurta"[4].

Izvori

  1. ↑ Povijesni spomenici palače Potala u Lhasi na UNESCO-vim službenim stranicama (en) Preuzeto 31. kolovoza 2011.
  2. ↑ Palača Norbulinka na tibettours.com (en) Preuzeto 31. kolovoza 2011.
  3. ↑ Keith Dowman, The Power-places of Central Tibet: The Pilgrim's Guide, 1988., Routledge & Kegan Paul, London i New York. ISBN 0-7102-1370-0
  4. ↑ Norbulinka na travelchinaguide.com (en) Preuzeto 31. kolovoza 2011.

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