Messier 82

M 82
Dramatična struktura M82 jasno je vidljiva na fotografiji teleskopa Hubble.
Otkriće
Položaj
Epoha J2000
Zviježđe Veliki Medvjed
Udaljenost 11,500,000 ly  (3,525,000 pc)
Rektascenzija 09h 55m 54.0s
Deklinacija +69° 41′ 00.0″
Izgled na našem nebu
Prividna magnituda 8.40
Prividne dimenzije (V) 11' x 5'
Stvarne osobine objekta
Ostalo
Druge oznake NGC 3034


M82 u infracrvenom dijelu spektra. Galaksija u ovom spektru pokazuje svoje stvarne dimenzije koje su tri puta veće nego u vidljivom spektru. Središnji sjajni dio galaktike je dio vidljiv u vidljivom spektru. Snimka 2MASS-a.

Messier 82 (M82 ili NGC 3034) je nepravilna galaksija u zviježđu Veliki Medvjed. Galaksiju je otkrio Johann Elert Bode 1774. godine, zajedno s galaksijom Messier 81. Pierre Méchain ponovno je otkrio galaksiju 1779. godine, a Charles Messier ju je u svoj katalog unio 1781. godine.

Svojstva

M82 nalazi se na udaljenosti od 11.5 milijuna ly. Njene prividni dimenzije su 11.2' x 4.3', što odgovara stvarnim dimenzijama od 37,500 x 14,300 ly. Galaksiju vidimo bočno pa nije pouzdano poznat njen oblik. Proučavanje galaktike u bliskom infracrvenom dijelu spektra pokazala su naznake dva spiralna kraka. M82 pokazuje oko tri puta duži disk u IC dijelu spektra. Njene stvarne dimenzije mogle bi biti oko 100,000 x 20,000 ly.

Nepravilan oblik M82 posljedica je bliskog susreta s M81 koji se odigrao prije 100 milijuna godina. U tom procesu manja i manje masivna galaktika M82 doživjela je naglo urušavanje oblaka plina i prašine zbog plimnih sila masivnije M81. Direktna posljedica urušavanja oblaka ubrzano formiranje zvijezda. U bliskoj budućnosti pojavit će se val eksplozija supernova, mladih masivnih zvijezda koje su nastala nedavno ili nastaju danas. Udaljenost između M81 i M82 danas je oko 300,000 ly.

Nedaleko od jezgre M82, na udaljenosti od 600 ly, nalazi se crna rupa srednje mase. Ona je izvor promjenljivog zračnje u Rentgenskom dijelu spektra. Masa crne rupe je između 200 i 5000 masa Sunca.

M82 je član grupe galaktika poznat kao M81 grupa.

Amaterska promatranja

M82 je veoma zahvalan objekt za promatranje. Malo teže ju je uloviti u dvogledu zbog manjih dimenzija. Njen prividni sjaj iznosi + 8.4 magnituda. Njen površinski sjaj znatno je veći od M81 i zato se lako uočava, ponekad i lakše nego M81. U 200 mm teleskopu moguće je vidjeti pruge prašine po tijelu galaksije. Veći teleskop će otkriti kompliciraniju strukturu galaksije.

M81 zajedno s M82 čini veoma popularan par galaktika za promatranje i fotografiranje.

Vanjske veze

Skice M82


Objekti u Messierovom katalogu
M1M2M3M4M5M6M7M8M9M10M11M12M13M14M15M16M17M18M19M20M21M22M23M24M25M26M27M28M29M30M31M32M33M34M35M36M37M38M39M40M41M42M43M44M45M46M47M48M49M50M51M52M53M54M55M56M57M58M59M60M61M62M63M64M65M66M67M68M69M70M71M72M73M74M75M76M77M78M79M80M81M82M83M84M85M86M87M88M89M90M91M92M93M94M95M96M97M98M99M100M101M102M103M104M105M106M107M108M109M110

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